目的 比较不同来源、不同提取方式的6种沉香精油化合物组成、抗氧化能力及抗炎活性的差异。方法 采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用仪（gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry，GC-TOF MS）对6种沉香精油的化学成分进行分析，并测定其清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine，DPPH）与2,2-氮杂双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2-azabis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt，ABTS]自由基的能力，考察其对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）诱导的小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7活力的影响。结果 从通体香水蒸气蒸馏精油（TTS）、通体香超临界萃取精油（TTC）、板头香水蒸气蒸馏精油（BTS）、板头香超临界萃取精油（BTC）、奇楠沉香水蒸气蒸馏精油（QNS）和奇楠沉香超临界萃取精油（QNC）中鉴定出的化合物数量分别为48、55、59、71、72和35种，所含香味物质小分子芳香物质及倍半萜类成分相对含量之和分别为81.42%、87.84%、89.03%、62.05%、63.83%和28.36%，所含2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类化合物相对含量分别为0、0、0.25%、22.42%、17.48%、60.42%。6种沉香精油均具有清除DPPH和ABTS自由基能力，且质量浓度在0.5～5 mg/mL与自由基清除能力均呈正相关。3种水蒸气蒸馏沉香精油（BTS、TTS、QNS）对LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞的半数抑制浓度（half inhibitory concentration，IC₅₀）分别为18.61、30.30、18.05 μg/mL，而3种超临界CO₂萃取沉香精油（BTC、TTC、QNC）的IC₅₀值分别为41.98、38.45、24.50 μg/mL。结论 超临界萃取沉香精油同水蒸气蒸馏沉香精油化合物组成相差较大，其能够提取出更多的脂肪酸类和色酮类化合物；板头香和通体香采用同一提取方法所得精油化学成分相似，而奇楠沉香中含有更多含量的香味物质和2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类化合物。3种超临界萃取沉香精油清除DPPH自由基能力均强于水蒸气蒸馏沉香精油，而抗炎活性则相反，且3种沉香来源中，奇楠沉香精油抗炎能力最佳。

Objective To compare the compounds composition, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of six kinds of agarwood essential oils from different sources and different extraction methods. Methods The chemical constituents of six agarwood essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF MS), their free radical scavenging abilities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) and 2,2-azabis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) were detected, and effect of six agarwood essential oils on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells viabilities were detected. Results The number of compounds identified from BTS (essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from ordinary agarwood of trunk-prunning), TTS (essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from ordinary agarwood of Agar-Wit), QNS (essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from Chi-Nan agarwood of drilling), BTC (agarwood essential oil extracted by supercritical fluid from ordinary agarwood of trunk-prunning), TTC (agarwood essential oil extracted by supercritical fluid from ordinary agarwood of Agar-Wit), QNC (agarwood essential oil extracted by supercritical fluid from Chi-Nan agarwood of drilling) were 48, 55, 59, 71, 72 and 35, respectively; Total contents of aromatic compounds were 81.42%, 87.84%, 89.03%, 62.05%, 63.83% and 28.36%, respectively; Contents of 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromones were 0, 0, 0.25%, 22.42%, 17.48% and 60.42% respectively. Six agarwood essential oils all had the ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals, and the essential oils were positively correlated with the free radical scavenging ability between 0.5-5 mg/mL. Half inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) of agarwood essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation (BTS, TTS, QNS) on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were 18.61, 30.30, 18.05 μg/mL, and IC₅₀ values of three agarwood essential oils extracted by supercritical fluid (BTC, TTC, QNC) were 41.98, 38.45, 24.50 μg/mL. Conclusion Agarwood essential oils extracted by supercritical fluid contains more fatty acids and chromones, which is quite different from that of hydrodistillation. The chemical constituents of essential oil obtained by same extraction method of BT and TT are similar, while Chi-Nan contains more aroma substances and 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromones. DPPH radical scavenging ability of essential oils extracted by supercritical fluid is stronger than that extracted by hydrodistillation, but the anti-inflammatory activity was the opposite. Among the three sources of agarwood, Chi-Nan agarwood essential oil has the best anti-inflammatory ability.

R285.5

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1706403）；海南省重点研发计划项目（ZDYF2020163，ZDYF2020111）；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目（2021-I2M-1-032）；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-21）