肝纤维化是以肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cells，HSCs）激活和细胞外基质（extracellular matrix，ECM）异常沉积为特点的多种恶性肝脏疾病必经病理过程及影响疾病转归的重要因素。研究表明，众多临床常用经典方可通过调控HSCs命运、调节胆汁酸或脂质代谢、减少病理性血管生成、直接或间接促进ECM降解以发挥防治肝纤维化的重要作用。回顾并总结了近年来临床肝纤维化诊疗中的常见中医证型，在中医药辨证思维指导下归纳出利湿退黄、调和肝脾、养血柔肝、破瘀消癥、滋阴清热5种主要治法，并在此基础上总结对应经典方现代药理作用的研究进展，以期建立中医辨证理论指导下经典方治疗肝纤维化的独特治疗体系，并为临床提供肝纤维化创新性诊疗策略。

Liver fibrosis is an essential pathological process in many malignant liver diseases characterized by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), is the unavoidable pathological process of various malignant liver diseases and affects disease prognosis due to its complicated pathogenesis and the deficiency of effective drugs. Studies showed that several classical prescriptions from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could inhibit HSCs activation and proliferation, regulate bile acid or lipid metabolism, reduce pathological angiogenesis, and directly or indirectly promote ECM degradation, which in turn contribute to the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, common TCM syndromes in the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis in recent years were reviewed and summarized. Five common treatment methods including removing dampness and relieving jaundice, harmonizing liver-spleen, nourishing blood and liver, breaking stasis and dispersing concretions, and nourishing yin and clearing heat, and corresponding classic prescriptions in prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis were concluded under the guidance of TCM syndrome differentiation thinking. Meanwhile, research progress on modern pharmacological effects of these classic prescriptions were systematically discussed, in order to establish a unique treatment system for liver fibrosis under the guidance of TCM syndrome differentiation theory and provide innovative diagnosis and treatment strategies for clinical liver fibrosis.

北京市自然科学基金面上项目（7212174）；北京市科技新星课题（Z191100001119088）