目的 研究蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis根茎挥发油中的化学成分及其舒张子宫平滑肌活性。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、反相中压液相色谱、制备薄层色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等分离技术进行分离纯化，并运用多种现代波谱技术对化合物进行结构鉴定，通过NOE数据确定其相对构型，计算电子圆二色谱（ECD）确定其绝对构型。利用缩宫素致大鼠离体子宫平滑肌痉挛模型考察化合物对子宫平滑肌收缩活动的影响。结果 从蓬莪术挥发油中分离得到2个倍半萜化合物，分别鉴定为(1R,4S,5R,6R,7S,10R)-1(10),4(5)-双环氧吉玛烷-11(12)-烯-6-醇（1）和curcumanolide A（2）。其中化合物2对缩宫素诱导的大鼠离体子宫平滑肌收缩具有抑制作用。结论 化合物1为1个新的吉玛烷型倍半萜，命名为双环氧吉玛烯醇。化合物2具有舒张子宫平滑肌活性。

Objective To study the chemical components of the volatile oil of Curcuma phaeocaulis rhizomes and their relaxant effects on uterine smooth muscle in rats. Methods The chemical components were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, reversed-phase medium pressure liquid chromatography, preparative thin-layer chromatography, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by a variety of modern spectroscopic techniques. The relative configuration of the new compound was determined by NOE data analysis, then its absolute configuration was characterized by ECD calculations. In addition, an oxytocin-induced contraction model of rat uterine smooth muscle in vitro was used to evaluate the relaxant effects of the compounds on uterine smooth muscle. Results Two sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the volatile oil of C. phaeocaulis, and their structures were determined as (1R,4S,5R,6R,7S,10R)-1(10),4(5)-diepoxygermacran-11(12)-en-6-ol (1) and curcumanolide A (2). Compound 2 showed an inhibitory effect against oxytocin-induced rat uterine smooth muscle contraction. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new germacrane-type sesquiterpenoid and named biepoxygemarenol. Compound 2 has a relaxant effect on uterine smooth muscle.

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国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(81903777);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(82104371);国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金资助项目(82022072)