目的 辨析地黄不同炮制品（鲜地黄、生地黄、干地黄、酒地黄、熟地黄）的化学特征，结合经典名方清胃散的核心功效，明确其地黄的炮制方法和炮制品种，为中药新药的开发和中药临床的合理应用提供参考。方法 采用液质联用法和液相色谱法对地黄不同炮制品中的共有成分和特有成分进行定性和定量分析。运用现代网络药理学筛选和分析地黄的成分作用靶点和通路，构建成分-靶点-通路网络，进一步预测地黄的化学成分和核心功效的相关性。结果 在地黄的不同炮制品中共鉴定出55个成分，其中26个为5种地黄炮制品共有，鲜地黄经炮制后，大部分化学成分的含量有不同程度的下降，其中干地黄的环烯醚萜类成分下降幅度最小。采用网络药理学对焦地黄素D、桃叶珊瑚苷、益母草苷、梓醇、地黄苷A、地黄苷D、连翘酯苷、6-O-E-阿魏酰基筋骨草醇进行机制预测，富集的通路中环磷酸腺苷（cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP）信号通路、乙型肝炎、血清素突触、缺氧诱导因子-1（hypoxiainduciblefactor-1，HIF-1）信号通路等与清热作用相关。结论 干地黄的化学特征与鲜地黄最为相似，药性和功效与清胃散中地黄的核心功效最为接近，故干地黄为清胃散中地黄的最适宜炮制品。

Objective Distinguish the chemical characteristics of different processed products of Rehmanniae Radix (RR), combine the core functions of the classical prescription Qingwei Powder (QP), and clarify the processing methods and types of processed products of RR. This provides references for the development of new Chinese medicine and the rational application of Chinese medicine in clinical practice. Methods The common and unique components in different processed products of RR were qualitatively analyzed by UPLC and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Using modern network pharmacology to screen and analyze the targets and pathways of dried RR, construct a component-target-pathway network to further predict the correlation between the chemical components and core functions of RR. Results A total of 55 components were identified in different processed species of RR, 24 of which are shared by 5 kinds of processed products. Aucubin and jioglutin D are the unique components of dried RR. After being processed, the content of most chemical components decreased in different degrees, and the iridoids of dried RR decreased the least. Using network pharmacology to predict the mechanism of jioglutin D, aucubin, ajugol, catalpol, rehmannioside A, rehmannioside D, forsythoside A, and 6-O-E-feruloyl ajugol in dried RR. Among the enriched pathways, cAMP signaling pathway, hepatitis B, serotonergic synapse, HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc. have antipyretic effects related. Conclusion The chemical characteristics of dried RR are most similar to those of fresh RR, and its medicinal properties and efficacy are closest to the core functions of RR in QP. Therefore, dried RR is the most suitable processed product of RR in QP.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1701902);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1707000)