目的 对拟康定乌头Aconitum rockii和林地乌头A. nemorum中二萜生物碱类化学成分进行研究。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱对其总生物碱进行分离纯化，通过HR-ESI-MS、IR、1D和2D NMR等波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从拟康定乌头中共分离得到了6个化合物，分别鉴定为1α,6α,8β,16β,18-pentamethoxy-14α-benzoyloxy-N-ethylaconitane（1）、工布乌碱（2）、大渡乌碱（3）、膝乌宁碱甲（4）、滇乌碱（5）和黄乌生（6）；从林地乌头中共分离并鉴定了10个化合物，分别为塔拉萨敏（7）、14-乙酰塔拉萨敏（8）、卡马考宁（9）、16-epipyroaconine（10）、乌头碱（11）、3-脱氧乌头碱（12）、牛扁碱（13）、甲基牛扁碱（14）、德尔色明甲（15）、德尔色明乙（16）。结论 化合物1是新的乌头碱型C₁₉-二萜生物碱，命名为拟康定乌碱甲；化合物2～6为首次从拟康定乌头中分离得到，化合物9～16为首次从林地乌头中分离得到。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of diterpenoid alkaloids in Aconitum rockii and Aconitum nemorum. Methods All components were isolated and purified by silica gel columns chromatography, and their structures were identified by various spectroscopic methods, such as HR-ESI-MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR. Results Six compounds were isolated from A. rockii. They were identified as 1α,6α,8β,16β,18-pentamethoxy-14α-benzoyloxy-N-ethylaconitane (1), kongboendine (2), franchetine (3), genicunine A (4), yunaconitine (5) and vilmorisine (6). Ten compounds were isolated from A. nemorum and identified as talatisamine (7), 14-O-acetyltalatisamine (8), cammaconine (9), 16-epipyroaconine (10), aconitine (11), 3-deoxyaconitine (12), lycoctonine (13), methyllycaconitine (14), delsemine A (15) and delsemine B (16). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloid named rockiitine A, and compounds 2—6 were isolated from A. rockii for the first time. Compounds 9—16 were isolated from A. nemorum for the first time.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82073734）