目的 考察在自然干燥、热风干燥、减压真空干燥方式下的黄芪药材经炮制成饮片后，药效成分的提取动力学。方法 以传统水煎煮法对黄芪饮片进行提取，建立提取动力学模型，比较黄芪药材经自然干燥、热风干燥、减压真空干燥3种初加工方式对饮片中4个评价指标（浸出物、黄芪多糖、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、黄芪甲苷）提取效率差异。结果 3种干燥方式导致黄芪药材切面品相不一，提取动力学均与一级动力学模型拟合效果最佳，其中减压干燥动力学拟合方程斜率最大，提取效率最高。结论 减压干燥方式4个评价指标的药材-饮片转移率高，干燥、提取速率快，可作为传统干燥方式的替代干燥方式。不同干燥方式不仅对药材品相有影响，同时对药材制成饮片及后续饮片制成制剂过程中评价指标的提取效率也有影响，说明干燥等药材初加工是药材-饮片-制剂品质传递过程中的重要环节，应引起足够的关注。

Objective To investigate the extraction kinetics of active ingredients from Astragali Radix processed under natural drying, hot air drying and vacuum drying after processed into decoction pieces. Methods The Astragali Radix decoction pieces were extracted by traditional boiling method. The extraction kinetics model was established. The extraction efficiency of evaluation indicators (extracts, Astragalus polysaccharides, calycosin-7-glucoside, astragaloside IV) in Astragali Radix decoction pieces was compared. Results The three drying methods lead to the different sections of astragalus medicinal materials, and had the best fitting effect with the first-level kinetic model. The vacuum drying method had the largest slope of the fitting equation and the highest extraction efficiency. Conclusion With high rate of transferring, fast rate of drying and extraction, vacuum drying can be used as an alternative to the natural drying method. Different drying method not only has an effect on the medicinal quality phase of Astragali Radix, but also on the extraction efficiency of evaluation indicators in the preparation of medicinal materials and subsequent decoction pieces, indicating that the drying process of initial processing of traditional medicine is an important link in the quality transfer of traditional medicine, decoction pieces and preparations, which should cause enough attention.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划资助(2019YFC1710603);国家自然科学基金项目(81773910);国家自然科学基金项目(82074004);江苏高校"青蓝工程"项目(2020);2020年江苏省研究生科技创新计划(KYCX20_1612)