[关键词]
[摘要]
干燥是中药材采收后产地加工必不可缺的重要加工步骤之一,与中药材品质形成息息相关,是影响中药材药用价值和经济价值的重要环节。皱缩是中药材在干燥过程中发生的普遍物理现象,不仅直接影响中药材的外观、质地与复水性,还导致水分扩散速率降低,干燥时间延长,引起干燥效率下降、能耗升高,且药材长时间受热不利于保证干品质量与疗效。通过文献调研,探讨中药材干燥过程中的皱缩机制,从物料特性、微观结构、机械性能和加工条件方面分析其影响因素,总结抑制皱缩的干燥技术,以期保障中药材品质,为中药材干燥工艺的选择提供参考依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Drying is one of the indispensable processing steps for the processing of traditional Chinese medicine in the producing area after harvest. It is closely related to the formation of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine and an important link affecting the medicinal value and economic value of Chinese medicinal materials. Shrinkage is a common physical phenomenon in the drying process of Chinese medicinal maerials. It not only directly affects the appearance, texture and rehydration of Chinese medicinal maerials, but also leads to the decrease of water diffusion rate and the extension of drying time, resulting in the decrease of drying efficiency and the increase of energy consumption. Moreover, the long-term heating of Chinese medicinal maerials is not conducive to ensuring the quality and curative effect of dried products. Through literature research, the shrinkage mechanism in the drying process of Chinese medicinal maerials is discussed in this study, its influencing factors from the aspects of material characteristics, microstructure, mechanical properties and processing conditions are analyzed, and the drying technology to inhibit shrinkage is summarized, in order to ensure the quality of Chinese medicinal maerials and provide reference basis for the selection of drying technology of Chinese medicinal maerials.
[中图分类号]
R283.3
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81903929);国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960718);国家级大学生创新创业计划项目(202110412010);江西省5511重大专项(20182ABC28009);江西省自然科学基金青年基金项目(20212BAB216010);江西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210412542);江西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2021BSZR003)