目的 采用多指标结合化学计量学的方法综合分析龙葵Solanum nigrum果质量及关键指标，为其质量评价提供科学依据。方法 采用HPLC法建立龙葵果特征指纹图谱及澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱含量测定方法，并测定浸出物含量，使用SAS 14.0、SIMCA14.1软件对上述指标进行聚类分析（hierarchical clustering analysis，HCA）、主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）及偏最小二乘判别分析（discriminant analysis of partial least squares analysis，PLS-DA），通过对吉林产地25批不同产区、不同采收期药材的分析，综合评价龙葵果质量及标志性成分。结果 建立的特征指纹图谱及澳洲茄碱、澳洲茄边碱含量测定方法稳定性较好。HCA分析可将25批样品聚为2大类，分类主要与产区有关，I类药材为铁东区及梨树县的孤家子、榆树台产区；II类药材为梨树县的杏山、北夏家、泉眼沟、獾子洞产区。用3个主成分对龙葵果药材进行综合评价，结果表明I类药材综合得分及排名较高，质量较优。根据PLS-DA分析，造成两类药材质量差异的指标为醇溶性浸出物含量及指纹图谱相似度。色谱峰2、3（澳洲茄碱）、4（澳洲茄边碱）、14、15（薯蓣皂苷元）、16所代表的成分是2类龙葵果药材质量差异的标志性物质。结论 建立的龙葵果质量综合评价方法操作简便、重复性好、稳定可靠，可为龙葵果质量评价提供基础。

Objective To establish a method for the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of fruits of Solanum nigrum by multiple index and chemometrics, so as to provide the scientific basis for its quality evaluation. Methods HPLC was used to establish the fingerprint and the content of solasonine and solamargine. The determination of extract was carried out. According to the above method, the quality and index components of 25 batches of medicinal materials from different producing areas and different harvest time in Jilin Province were determined and analyzed by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis of partial least squares analysis (PLS-DA) by SAS 14.0 and SIMCA14.1 software. Results The fingerprint and the determination method of solasonine and solamargine were stable. The results showed that 25 samples were classified into two categories by HCA analysis, and the classification was mainly related to the origin. In class I, S1—S10 was from Tiedong District, S11—S13 from Gujiazi Town, Lishu County, and S14—S15 from Yushutai Town, Lishu County; The class II all came from Lishu County. The results showed that the comprehensive score and ranking of the class I were higher and the quality was better. According to PLS-DA analysis, the indexes of quality difference between the two kinds were alcohol soluble extract content and fingerprint similarity. The components represented by peaks 2, 3 (solanine), 4 (solamargine), 14, 15 (diosgenin) and 16 were the main markers of the quality differences between the two groups. Conclusion the method is simple, repeatable and reliable, and can be used to evaluate the quality of fruits of S. nigrum.

R286.2