目的 研究小儿风热清合剂（口服液）对流感病毒致小鼠病毒性肺炎的治疗作用。方法 将ICR小鼠按体质量随机分为对照组、模型组及小儿风热清合剂（口服液）高、中、低剂量（21.6、10.8、5.4 mL/kg）组和磷酸奥司他韦胶囊（39 mg/kg）组，除对照组外，其余各组小鼠滴鼻感染甲型流感病毒鼠肺适应株FM₁构建小鼠病毒性肺炎模型，测定各组小鼠体质量和肺指数；采用ELISA法检测小鼠血清中白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6，IL-6）水平；采用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色考察肺组织病理变化；检测肺组织中病毒载量以及流感病毒感染致小鼠死亡的存活时间。结果 小鼠感染流感病毒后，体质量明显降低（P＜0.01），肺指数、血清中IL-6水平明显升高（P＜0.01）。与模型组相比，小儿风热清合剂（口服液）组小鼠体质量明显升高（P＜0.01）；肺指数明显降低（P＜0.05、0.01）；肺组织、肺泡出血、水肿、肺内细支气管周围炎症等病变明显减轻；血清中IL-6水平降低（P＜0.01）；肺组织病毒载量明显降低（P＜0.05）；小鼠存活时间明显延长（P＜0.05）。结论 小儿风热清合剂（口服液）能够降低病毒性肺炎小鼠肺指数及肺组织病毒载量，改善病毒感染所致肺组织病理形态学异常，延长病毒感染小鼠存活时间，提示小儿风热清合剂（口服液）对流感病毒所致的病毒性肺炎具有治疗作用，其作用机制可能与改善炎症、降低病毒载量等有关。

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Xiaoer Fengreqing Mixture Oral Liquid[小儿风热清合剂 (口服液)] on viral pneumonia mice model infected with influenza virus. Methods ICR mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, Xiaoer Fengreqing Mixture (Oral Liquid) high-, medium-, and low-dose (21.6, 10.8, 5.4 mL/kg)groups and oseltamivir phosphate capsule (39 mg/kg) group according to weight body. Except for control group, mice in other groups were infected with influenza A virus mouse lung-adapted strain FM₁ intranasally to construct a mouse viral pneumonia model, body weight and lung index of mice in each group were determined; Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in serum of mice was detected by ELISA; Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to investigate the pathological changes of lung tissue; Viral load in lung tissue and survival time of mice killed by influenza virus infection were detected. Results After mice were infected with influenza virus, body weight was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), lung index and IL-6 level in serum were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Compared with model group, body weight of mice in Xiaoer Fengreqing Mixture (Oral Liquid) group was significantly increased (P < 0.01); Lung index was significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01); Lung tissue, alveolar hemorrhage, edema, inflammation around bronchioles in lung and other lesions were significantly reduced; IL-6 level in serum was decreased (P < 0.01); Viral load in lung tissue was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); Survival time of mice was significantly prolonged (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Fengreqing Mixture (Oral Liquid) can reduce lung index and viral load of lung tissue in mice with viral pneumonia, improve the pathological abnormality of lung tissue caused by virus infection, and prolong the survival time of virus infected mice, suggesting that Xiaoer Fengreqing Mixture (Oral Liquid) has a therapeutic effect on viral pneumonia caused by influenza virus, and its mechanism may be related to improving inflammation and reducing viral load.

R285.5

中央本级重大增减支项目（2060302）；科技部科技基础性工作专项（2015FY111500-012）；山东省重点研发计划项目（2017CXG1301）