[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 建立经典名方三黄泻心汤(Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction,SXD)中13种指标成分(表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱、黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素、大黄酸、芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚)的含量同时测定方法,探索SXD煎煮过程中成分动态变化和分布规律,揭示SXD复合分散体系的制剂特征。方法 按照SXD传统煎煮方法制备煎液,建立样品中13种指标成分的含量同时测定方法,检测各指标成分在汤剂、离心上清液、离心沉积物中的含量;进一步地,分别制备浸泡结束、刚沸腾以及煎煮不同时间后的样品进行测定,绘制SXD煎煮过程中13种指标成分动态变化和分布规律图,分析煎煮过程中各成分在汤剂、离心上清液和离心沉积物中的含量变化情况。结果 SXD煎液中,含量最高的指标成分为黄芩苷(15.496 mg/g),其次为小檗碱(3.048 mg/g),含量最低的指标成分为大黄素甲醚(0.046 mg/g);离心沉积物中黄连碱、小檗碱含量分别为离心上清液的4.13、3.44倍,离心上清液中黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、芦荟大黄素含量分别为离心沉积物的2.04、2.76、1.33倍;煎煮过程中,自浸泡结束起,汤剂、离心上清液、离心沉积物中均含有13种指标成分,自加热沸腾起,除黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、芦荟大黄素外,离心沉积物中其余10个指标成分含量均明显高于离心上清液。结论 所建方法合理可行,可用于SXD样品中13种指标成分的含量测定,诠释了《金匮要略》对SXD有“以水三升,煮取一升,顿服之”的科学内涵,为揭示SXD复合分散体系的制剂特征提供了依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of thirteen components (epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, berberine, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, rhein, aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion), and exploring the dynamic variation and distribution rules of components during decocting process in a classical prescription named Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction (SXD, 三黄泻心汤), to reveal the preparation characteristics in the composite and dispersive system of SXD. Methods The decoction was prepared according to the traditional decocting method of SXD, the simultaneous determination method of 13 index components was established to detect the contents of components in the whole decoction, centrifugal supernatant and centrifugal sediment, respectively. Furthermore, the samples after soaking, boiling and decocting for different times were prepared for determination, the figure of the dynamic variation and distribution rules of thirteen components during decocting of SXD were drawn, and the content change of components in decoction, centrifugal supernatant and centrifugal sediment was analyzed, respectively. Results The content of baicalin (15.496 mg/g) in SXD was the highest, followed by the content of berberine (3.048 mg/g). The content of emodin methyl ether (0.046 mg/g) was the lowest. The contents of coptisine and berberine in centrifugal sediment were 4.13 and 3.44 times higher than those in centrifugal supernatant, and the contents of baicalin, wogonoside, aloe emodin in centrifugal supernatant were 2.04, 2.76 and 1.33 times higher than those in centrifugal sediment. Thirteen index components were all distributed in decoction, centrifugal supernatant and centrifugal sediment since after soaking. However, the contents of ten index components in centrifugal sediment were significantly higher than those in centrifugal supernatant except baicalin, wogonin and aloe emodin since boiling during decocting process. Conclusion The established method for simultaneous determination of thirteen components in SXD sample is reasonable and feasible. This study explained the scientific connotation of the application and dosage of SXD in Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber, which recorded that "Add three liters of water, decoct to a liter of decoction and take it quickly at one time". Moreover, this study provided a basis for revealing the preparation characteristics in the composite and dispersive characteristic system of SXD.
[中图分类号]
R283.6
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81903812)