慢性腹泻是一种常见的功能性胃肠道疾病，与肠道菌群的组成和功能密切相关。肠道菌群失衡及其对肠道屏障、肠道免疫反应、肠道菌群代谢产物（短链脂肪酸和胆汁酸）的调节均可影响腹泻的发生与发展。中药对慢性腹泻的治疗有着独特的优势，然其作用机制尚不清晰。因此，基于肠道菌群在腹泻发生、发展中的作用，从单味中药、中药复方、中药活性成分调节肠道菌群的多样性、结构、组成及其代谢产物的研究进展进行综述，以期为中药治疗慢性腹泻的作用机制研究和抗腹泻中药新药的进一步研发提供参考。

Chronic diarrhea is a common functional gastrointestinal disease, which is closely related to the composition and function of gut microbiota. The imbalance of gut microbiota and its regulation of intestinal barrier, intestinal immune response and gut microbiota metabolites (short chain fatty acids and bile acids) can affect the occurrence and development of diarrhea. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in treatment of chronic diarrhea, but the mechanism is not clear. Therefore, based on the role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of diarrhea, the diversity, structure, composition and metabolites of gut microbiota regulated by single TCM, TCM formula and active components of TCM are reviewed in this paper, in order to provide a reference for mechanism of TCM in treatment of chronic diarrhea and the further research of anti-diarrhea TCM.

R282.710.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81974525）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82104396）；陕西省中医药管理局科研项目（2021-ZZ-JC012）；陕西中医药大学学科创新团队项目（2019-YL10）