目的 研究无叶假木贼Anabsis aphylla的化学成分及其抗菌活性。方法 采用RP-C₁₈、Sephadex LH-20、硅胶等柱色谱进行分离纯化，根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。采用MTT比色法对化合物进行抗枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis、番茄疮痂病菌Xanthomonas vesicatoria、溶血葡萄球菌Staphylococcus haemolyticus、根癌土壤杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens、黄瓜角斑病菌Pseudomonas syringaepv. lachrymans活性筛选。结果 从无叶假木贼中分离了10个化合物，分别鉴定为假木贼碱（1）、N-甲基假木贼碱（2）、6-(diethylamino)-[2,3′-bipyridin]-3-ol（3）、2-(2-(pyridine-3-yl) pyridin-5-yl)-6- (pyridin-3-yl)piperidine（4）、2-(pyridine-3-yl)-5-(6-(pyridine-3-yl) pyridine-2-yl) pyridine（5）、白羽扇豆碱（6）、12N-甲基金雀花碱（7）、金雀花碱（8）、水杨酸（9）、香草酸（10）。化合物9对番茄疮痂病菌、溶血葡萄球菌、根癌土壤杆菌、黄瓜角斑病菌的最小抑菌浓度（minimal inhibit concentration，MIC）分别为20.0、10.0、10.0、20.0 µg/mL。结论 化合物3和5为新化合物，分别命名为无叶假木贼碱A和无叶假木贼碱B；化合物6～10为首次从该属植物中分离得到。化合物9具有明显的抗菌活性；从无叶假木贼中分离得到的生物碱类化合物1～8对上述病原微生物抑制作用不明显。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Anabsis aphylla and their antibacterial activities.Methods Chromatographic methods were used for the isolation and purification of chemical constituents, and the structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and spectroscopic data. And the antimicrobial activities of compounds against Bacillus subtilis, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, Pseudomonas syringaepv. lachrymans were evaluated by MTT assay. Results Ten compounds were isolated, and their structures were identified as anabasine (1), N-methyl anabasine (2), 6-(diethylamino)-[2,3′–bipyridin]-3-ol (3), 2-(2-(pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-5-yl)-6-(pyridine-3-yl) piperidine (4), 2-(pyridine-3-yl)-5- (6-(pyridine-3-yl)pyridine-2-yl) pyridine (5), lupanine (6), 12N-methylcytisine (7), cytisine (8), 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (9), vanillic acid (10). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of compound 9 against X. vesicatoria, S. haemolyticus,A. tumefaciens and P. syringaeby MTT assay were 20.0, 10.0, 10.0 and 20.0 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Compounds 3 and 5 are two new compounds, named as anabasis aphylla A and anabasis aphylla B, respectively. Compounds 6 —10 are isolated from the plants of this genus for the first time. Compound 9 was observed to exhibited good antibacterial activities. The alkaloid compounds 1 —8 isolated from A. aphylla had no obvious inhibitory effect on the above pathogenic microorganisms.

R284.1

山东省重点研发计划（重大科技创新工程）项目（2020CXGC010505）