目的 研究板蓝根Isatidis Radix的化学成分及其抑制一氧化氮（NO）释放活性。方法 采用硅胶、反相ODS C₁₈、葡聚糖凝胶、半制备液相等色谱技术分离纯化，结合理化性质，NMR、MS等波谱数据解析结构，CCK-8法测定化合物抑制NO释放活性。结果 从板蓝根中共分离鉴定了17个化合物，分别为 (7S,8R,7'S,8'R)-3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxy-9,7- dihydroxy-8.8',7.O.9'-lignan（1）、(−)-(7R,7'R,8S,8'S)-4-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-4'-羟基-3,3',5'-三甲氧基-7,9':7',9-双环氧木脂烷（2）、liballinol（3）、2-amino-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol（4）、对羟基苯丙醇（5）、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯丙醇（6）、3-羟基-1-(3-甲氧基-4-羟基-苯基)-丙基-1-酮（7）、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸（8）、(E)-4-(3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6- trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)but-3-en-2-one（9）、对羟基苯甲醛（10）、香草酸（11）、3,4-二羟基苯乙酸（12）、苯甲酰胺（13）、苯乙酰胺（14）、L-焦谷氨酸（15）、L-焦谷氨酸甲酯（16）和 (4R,5S)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide（17）。化合物7和8具有抑制NO释放活性，半数抑制浓度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值分别为98.5、58.3 μmol/L。结论 化合物9为新天然产物，化合物1～4、9、12～17为首次从板蓝根中分离鉴定，化合物7和8表现出抑制NO释放活性。

Objective To study the chemical constitutes from the alcohol extract of Isatis indigotica roots and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities. Methods The chemical components were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS C₁₈ gel, sephadex LH-20 and semi preparative-HPLC chromatographic techniques while the structures were deduced by NMR and MS spectral data analysis, the NO inhibitory activities were tested by CCK-8 methods. Results Seventeen compounds were obtained and elucidated as (7S,8R,7'S,8'R)-3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxy-9,7-dihydroxy-8.8',7.O.9'-lignan (1), (−)-(7S,7'S,8R,8'R)-4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,3',5'- trimethoxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxy-lignane (2), liballinol (3), 2-amino-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol (4), p-hydroxyl benzyl propanol (5), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylpropanol (6), 4-β-hydroxypropiovanillone (7), 3,4,5-trimethoxy-cinnammic acid (8), (E)-4-(3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)but-3-en-2-one (9), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (10), vanillic acid (11), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (12), benzamide (13), phenylacetamide (14), L-pyroglutamate (15), methyl-L-pyroglutamate (16), and (4R,5S)-5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (17). Compounds 7 and 8 exhibited NO inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 98.5 and 58.3 μmol/L, respectively. Conclusion Compound 9 was a new natural product, compounds 1—4, 9 and 12—17 were isolated from Isatis indigotica root for the first time, compounds 7 and 8 showed NO inhibitory activities.

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国家自然科学基金项目(81573571);国家自然科学基金项目(81673570);上海市进一步加快中医药传承创新发展三年行动计划项目[ZY(2021-2023)-0215];陕西中医药大学学科创新团队项目(2019-YL12)