目的 分析已上市治疗小儿上呼吸道感染中成药的用药特点与组方规律,挖掘核心处方。方法 收集中成药价值评估信息数据库中所有治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的中成药,建立规范化数据库,进行症状分类,运用频数统计与关联规则分析证型及主要症状的用药特点与组方规律,发现与挖掘核心处方。结果 筛选出138种中成药,含203味中药,涉及11个证型、19个症状,其中风热证、风寒证是主要证型,发热、咳嗽、咳痰、咽痛是主要症状,明确了与2个证型、4个症状相关的核心处方。小儿上呼吸道感染发热是导致小儿出现惊风的重要因素,因此对小儿上感重症惊风用药规律加以分析总结,挖掘出了治疗惊风的核心处方。结论 频率统计与关联规则相结合的方法能够挖掘治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的用药特点,从多方面、多角度展现中医思辨规律,对临床治疗和新药开发提供一定的参考。

Objective To analyze the medication characteristics and prescription rules of the listed Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in children, and to explore the core prescriptions. Methods All the Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of pediatric upper respiratory tract infections from the Database for Value Evalution of Chinese Medicine were collected. The standardized database was established and symptoms were classified. Frequency statistics and association rules were used to analyze the medication characteristics and prescription rules of syndrome types and main symptoms to find and mine core prescriptions. Results 138 Kinds of Chinese patent medicines were screened out, including 203 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), involving 11 syndrome types and 19 symptoms, of which wind-heat syndrome and wind-cold syndrome were the main syndrome types, and fever, cough, sputum expectoration, and sore throat were the main symptoms. The core prescriptions related to two syndrome types and four symptoms were summarized. In addition, the fever of upper respiratory tract infection in children was an important factor leading to convulsions in children. Therefore, the law of medication for severe convulsions in children with severe convulsions was analyzed and summarized, and the core prescriptions for the treatment of convulsions were explored. Conclusion The method of combining frequency statistics and association rules can explore the medication characteristics of TCMs in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in children, show the law of TCM speculation from multiple aspects and perspectives, and have certain reference value for clinical treatment and new drug development.

R285.1

中国中医科学院基本科研业务费自主选题项目：清肺颗粒治疗耐药性社区获得性肺炎疗效的探索研究（Z0567）