目的 研究不同系统压力条件下提取的柏木Cypressus funebris阴沉木精油在提取率、成分、含量与抗氧化能力方面的差异,为柏木阴沉木应用开发提供一定的研究基础。方法 首先考察不同系统压力的水蒸气蒸馏对柏木阴沉木精油提取率、物理性质以及提取动力学的区别,然后采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)鉴定柏木阴沉木精油的化学成分,最后通过对柏木阴沉木精油清除DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、羟自由基(·OH)能力以及总还原力的测定,来比较其抗氧化活性。结果 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取柏木阴沉木精油在系统压力为50 kPa时的提取率(3.63±0.03)%最高。系统压力越大,所提取精油中柏木醇含量越高,而其他主要成分α-柏木烯、β-柏木烯、罗汉柏烯、γ-衣兰油烯等在减压法提取的精油中含量高于常压法提取的精油。常压提取条件下,前5 h内对精油的成分种类无影响,5 h以后,对精油成分的种类有所影响。减压提取法提取的柏木阴沉木精油清除DPPH·、·OH的能力以及总还原力均优于常压提取法提取的精油。结论 减压法可以提高对柏木阴沉木精油的提取率、抗氧化能力,并能在较短的时间内获得较高的精油产率。

Objective To study the differences in extraction rate, composition, content and antioxidant capacity of essential oil extracted from buried wood of Cypressus funebris under different system pressure conditions, so as to provide a certain research basis for the application and development of buried wood of C. funebris. Methods Firstly, the differences of the extraction rate, physical properties and extraction kinetics of essential oil extracted from buried wood of C. funebris were investigated by steam distillation under different pressure. And then the chemical constituents of the essential oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Finally, the antioxidant activity of the essential oil was analyzed by the removal of DPPH·, ·OH and the determination of total reducing power. Results The extraction rate (3.63 ± 0.03)% of buried wood of C. funebris essential oil by steam distillation was the highest when the system pressure was 50 kPa. The content of cedrol in the extracted essential oil increased with the increase of system pressure, while the contents of α-cedrene, β-cedrene, cis-thujopsene, γ-muurolene and other main components in decompression extracted essential oil were higher than those under atmospheric pressure. There was no significant difference in the species of the essential oil components extracted at the first five hours under atmospheric pressure, but species of the essential oils changed at the later stage of extraction. The scavenging ability of DPPH·, ·OH and total reducing power of buried wood of C. funebris essential oil extracted by decompression were better than those extracted by atmospheric pressure. Conclusion The decompression extraction increased the extraction rate and antioxidant capacity of essential oil, and higher yield of essential oil could be obtained in a shorter time.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1706404）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82060720）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81560657）；江西省重大科技研发专项（20194ABC28009）；江西省重点研发计划（20192BBG70072）；校级大学生创新创业计划项目（202110412168）