目的 分析干旱及盐胁迫对黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis中黄酮类成分的影响。方法 运用超高液相色谱-串联四级杆飞行时间质谱（UHPLC-QTOF-MS）技术对不同干旱及盐胁迫处理组黄芩根部位的化学成分进行分析，运用主成分分析（principal components analysis，PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis，OPLS-DA）和单变量分析（univariate analysis，UVA）的统计学方法对代谢组数据进行分析，结合文献和二级质谱数据库，依据UHPLC-QTOF-MS矩阵中的保留时间、质荷比及碎片离子对黄芩中的代谢产物进行分析鉴定，筛选差异代谢产物。结果 共分析鉴定出44个黄酮类成分，差异代谢物共筛选出18个黄酮类成分；且主要黄酮类代谢产物相对定量值随干旱及盐胁迫程度增强呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势。结论 干旱及盐胁迫会引起黄芩黄酮类成分含量和差异成分种类的改变，适度干旱胁迫促进黄芩黄酮类成分的合成积累，但促进程度是有限的。

Objective To analyze the effects of drought and salt stress on flavonoids in Huangqin (Scutellaria baicalensis). Methods The ultrahigh liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) technique was used to analyze the chemical components of the roots of S. baicalensis in different drought and salt stress treatment groups. The principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and univariate analysis (UVA) were used to analyze metabolome data, combined with literature mining and secondary mass spectrometry database, based on retention time, mass-to-charge ratio and fragment ion analysis and identification of metabolites in S. baicalensis, the differential metabolites were screened. Results A total of 44 flavonoid components were identified and 18 different flavonoid components were screened out; and the relative quantitative values of the main flavonoid metabolites increased first and then decreased with the degree of drought and salt stress change trend. Conclusion Drought and salt stress can change the content and the different types of flavonoids in S. baicalensis. Moderate drought stress promotes the synthesis and accumulation of flavonoids in S. baicalensis, but the degree of promotion is limited.

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山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2017MH023，ZR2018PH040）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFC1701500，2017YFC1701502，2017YFC1701504，2017YFC1702700，2017YFC1702701）；中央本级重大增减支项目（2060302）；国家标准化建设项目（ZYBZH-Y-SD-33）；2017年中医药公共卫生服务补助专项“全国中药资源普查项目”（财社［2017］66号）；2018国家中医药管理局全国中药资源普查项目（GZY-KJS-2018-004）；泰山学者工程（ts201511107）；山东省中医药科技发展计划（2019-0987，2019-0988，2017-519）