汉麻Cannabis sativa是典型的一年生且雌雄异株的开花植物，是大麻素的主要来源，具有多种精神活性和药理作用，由于对人类疾病的治疗潜力而被广泛关注。除了具有精神活性的主要成分四氢大麻酚（tetrahydrocannabinol，THC）外，还含有非精神活性的酚类化合物如大麻二酚（cannabidiol，CBD），作为抗肿瘤的候选药物具有很高的价值。然而在已知的600多种大麻素中，大多数含量较低，由于其在医学、日化和工业方面具有广泛的用途，迫切需要应用新的生物技术提高大麻素的生物合成。大麻素的异源生物合成可以实现低成本且快速的生产，各种组织培养方法，如微繁殖、细胞悬浮培养、毛状根培养和农杆菌介导的基因转化方法在汉麻育种、新性状开发及规模化繁殖方面具有潜在的应用价值。综述了汉麻酚类化合物药理学、合成积累规律及其生物合成最新进展，重点探讨了大麻组织培养方面重要的成果，以期为汉麻酚类物质生物合成及其利用提供科学依据和参考。

Cannabis sativa L., (hemp is an annual and typically dioecious flowering crop with medicinal and psychoactive properties. It is the main source of phytocannabinoids and getting more attention due to the therapeutic potential for human diseases. Besides the main constituent Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the phenolic compounds with nonpsychoactive effects, such as cannabidiol (CBD), is high value as drug candidate for antitumor. From the more than 600 known cannabinoids reported, most can only be extracted in very low amounts. It is urgent to apply new biotechnologies to improve the efficient synthesis of cannabinoids due to its wide range of medical, daily chemical and industrial applications. The ogenous biosynthesis of cannabinoids can achieve low cost and fast production, culture methods of various tissue, such as microreproduction, cell suspension culture, hair root culture, and Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation, they have the potential application for breeding and novel trait development, as well as mass propagation of cannabis. The pharmacology of cannabphenen compounds, synthesis accumulation rules and the latest progress of cannabphenophen biosynthesis have been reviewsed, and the important achievements in tissue culture of cannabis were discussed in this paper, in order to provide scientific basis and important reference for the biosynthesis and utilization of hemp phenols.

R282.1

院企联合横向课题（YQLH09GJS10）；中央高校基本业务科研基金（20200522-4）