桔梗汤是治疗咽喉肿痛、咳嗽的基本药方，现代药理研究表明其具有较好的清热解毒、润肺止咳祛痰、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒等功效，在临床上主要用于治疗咽喉炎症和肺部疾病。而急性肺损伤（acute lung injury，ALI）是临床上常见的死亡率较高的疾病之一，严重影响患者的生命质量。其发病机制复杂，目前并没有特效的治疗方案和药物。中医学主要采用辨病与辨证相结合的方法应用中药复方或单味中药来防治ALI，并取得了一定疗效。大量研究表明桔梗汤中桔梗和甘草的化学成分对肺部炎症损伤具有保护作用。从该复方的古籍溯源、活性成分、作用机制等方面对其治疗ALI进行整理和分析，为其进一步开发和治疗肺部疾病提供依据。

Jiegeng Decoction (桔梗汤) is the basic prescription for the treatment of sore throat and cough. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Jiegeng Decoction has better effects of clearing heat and detoxification, lung moistening, relieving cough and removing phlegm, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral, which is mainly used in the treatment of throat inflammation and lung diseases. Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the common diseases with high mortality in clinic, which seriously affects the life quality of patients. Its pathogenesis is complex, and there is no specific treatment prescription and drug at present. In traditional Chinese medicine, ALI is mainly prevented and treated by combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation, using traditional Chinese medicine compounds or single traditional Chinese medicine, and has achieved certain curative effects. A large number of studies have shown that the chemical components of Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) in Jiegeng Decoction have the protective effect on the injury of pneumonia. Therefore, this paper sorted out and analyzed the treatment of ALI from the aspects of its ancient book traceability, active composition, and action mechanism, so as to provide the basis for further development and treatment of lung diseases.

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天津市科技计划项目（20ZYJDJC00120）；天津市自然科学基金资助项目（18JCZDJC97700）