目的 研究不同栽培模式下铁皮石斛Dendrobium officinale中类黄酮化合物积累的差异，为铁皮石斛种植方式创新提供依据。方法 运用超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）广泛靶向技术对3种栽培模式（大棚栽培、林下活树附生和岩壁附生栽培）下的铁皮石斛类黄酮物质进行检测，使用主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判别分析法（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）鉴定差异代谢物。结果 共鉴定202个类黄酮化合物，主要以黄酮（76个）和黄酮醇（60个）化合物为主，其中花青素物质矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷-7，3'-di-O-（6''-O-芥子酰葡萄糖苷）为首次在铁皮石斛中被检测到；OPLS-DA筛选43个差异化合物，其中大棚组与林下组、大棚组与岩壁组间均具有23个差异物，林下组与岩壁组则具有27个差异物，差异物质对表征不同栽培模式的样品贡献率明显。结论 林下活树附生和岩壁附生栽培明显提升黄酮、类黄酮化合物的生物合成水平，保障了药材质量，研究结果为新型栽培模式的推广提供了理论基础。

Objective To reveal the difference of flavonoid components in Dendrobium officinale under different planting modes, in order to provide a basis for the innovation of planting mode. Methods The extensive target metabonomics tool via UPLC-MS/MS workflow was used to detect the flavonoids in D. officinale stem samples produced from three planting modes (including greenhouse, living tree epiphysis planting, and cliff epiphytic planting). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed to identify differential metabolites. Results A total of 202 compounds were identified, mainly including flavonoids (76) and flavonols (60). A novel anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-O- glucoside-7,3'-di-O-(6''-O-Si-pylglucoside) was first detected in D. officinale stem samples. OPLS-DA identified 43 differential compounds, among which 23 flavonoids were found between greenhouse planting and living tree epiphysis planting mode, as well as greenhouse planting and cliff epiphytic planting mode. Additionally, there were 27 differential flavonoids between living tree epiphysis planting and cliff epiphytic planting modes. Overall, the difference of samples from different plant modes was well explained by these differential flavonoids. Conclusion The living tree epiphysis and cliff epiphytic planting modes significantly unregulated the flavonoids biosynthetic pathway relative to greenhouse planting, thus improving the quality of medicinal materials. This result provides a scientific basis for the promotion of novel planting modes within D. officinale production.

R286.2

温州医科大学人才项目（89220027）；浙江省重点实验室项目（2021E10013）；安徽济人药业有限公司课题（KJHX2009）；合肥市未来药物开发有限公司（KJHX2008）；云南大理药业股份有限公司课题（KJHX1603）