[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 对楝科山楝属植物山楝Aphanamixis polystachya果实的化学成分进行研究。方法 采用乙醇回流提取，依次用石油醚、醋酸乙酯进行萃取。醋酸乙酯层萃取物分别采用硅胶柱色谱、反相C18硅胶柱（ODS）、Sephadex LH-20凝胶及半制备高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化，根据化合物理化性质结合波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果 从山楝果实中分离得到15个化合物，分别鉴定为尼洛替星（1）、oxypiscidinol A（2）、匹西狄醇A（3）、21α-甲基苦楝酮二醇（4）、21β-甲基苦楝酮二醇（5）、meliasenin S（6）、agladupol E（7）、3-episapeline A（8）、陵水暗罗素（9）、4(15)-桉叶烯-1β,6α-二醇（10）、10α-hydroxycadin-4-en-15-al（11）、4β,10α-dihydroxy-guai-6-ene（12）、kalshinoid E（13）、棕榈酸（14）、单棕榈酸甘油酯（15）。结论 化合物类型涉及三萜、二萜、倍半萜和脂肪酸，其中化合物2、11、13为首次从楝科植物中分离，1、4、5、8、14为首次从该属植物中分离，6、7为首次从该植物中分离得到。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To study the chemical constituents from the fruits of Aphanamixis polystachya. Methods The fruits of A. polystachya was extracted with 95% EtOH by heating reflux. The extracts were successively extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, reverse phase C18 silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-prepative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral data. Results The 15 compounds were isolated and identified as niloticin (1), oxypiscidinol A (2), piscidinol A (3), 21α-methylmelianodiol (4), 21β- methylmelianodiol (5), meliasenin S (6), agladupol E (7), 3-episapelin A (8), nemoralisin (9), 4(15)-eudesmene-1β,6α-diol (10), 10α-hydroxycadin-4-en-15-al (11), 4β,10α-dihydroxy-guai-6-ene (12), kalshinoid E (13), palmitic acid (14), and glycerol monnopalmitate (15), respectively. Conclusion The structures involve triterpenoids, diterpenoids, sesquiterpennoids and aliphatic acid, and three compounds 2, 11, 13 are isolated from the Meliaceae, seven compounds (1, 4, 5, 8, and 14) are isolated from the genus Aphanamixis, and compounds 6—7 are obtained from A. polystachya for the first time.
[中图分类号]
R284.1
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目（31860092）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31760100）；云南省重大科技专项项目（202002AA100007）；云南省基础研究计划面上项目（202101AT070254）；云南省应用基础研究计划-中医联合面上项目[2018FF001(-015)]
