目的 为研究拟鹿角灵芝Ganoderma amboinense中的化学成分及其生理活性。方法 采用各种柱色谱与高效液相色谱相结合的方法进行分离纯化，通过光谱分析（UV、IR、HR-ESI-MS及1D、2D-NMR）鉴定了它们的结构；采用四甲基偶氮唑盐[3-（4，5-dimethylthiazol）-2，5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide，MTT] 法及4-硝基苯基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside，PNPG）法测定化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性以及α-糖苷酶抑制活性。结果 从拟鹿角灵芝子实体的乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物，分别鉴定为lanosta-7，9（11）-dien-3β-acetyloxy-24-methoxy-25，26-dihydroxy（1）、赤芝萜醇B（2）、灵芝萜酮二醇（3）、11-oxo-赤芝二醇（4）、lanosta-7，9（11）-dien-3β-acetyloxy-24，26-dihydroxy-25-methoxy（5）、灵芝醇B（6）、灵芝醇A（7）、3α-acetyloxy-15α-hydroxylanosta-7，9（11），24E-trien-26-oic acid（8）、（24S，25R）-25- methoxylanosta-7，9（11）-dien-3β，24，26-triol（9）、灵芝醇F（10）。化合物1~5对α-糖苷酶的抑制率分别为86.0%、50.8%、52.8%、76.9%和88.0%；化合物7对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的抑制率分别为57.9%，化合物5对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞抑制率为67.2%。结论 所分离鉴定的化合物均为灵芝三萜类结构，所有化合物均为首次从拟鹿角灵芝种中分离得到，其中化合物1为新化合物，命名为拟鹿角灵芝醇A。化合物1~5对α-糖苷酶有一定抑制活性，化合物7和5有较弱的肿瘤细胞毒活性。

Objective To study the chemical constituents and physiological activities of Ganoderma amboinense. Methods Various methods of column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for separation and purification, and their structures were identified by spectral analysis (UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D, 2DNMR). The in vitro antitumor activity and α-glycosidase inhibitory activity of the compounds were determined by MTT assay and PNPG assay, respectively. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of G. amboinense fruiting body, which were identified as lanosta-7,9(11)-dien-3β-acetyloxy-24-methoxy-25,26-dihydroxy (1), lucidumol B (2), ganodermanondiol (3), 11-oxo-lucidadiol (4), lanosta-7,9(11)-dien-3β-acetyloxy-24,26-dihydroxy-25-methoxy (5), ganoderiol B (6), ganoderiol A (7), 3α-acetyloxy-15α- hydroxylanosta-7,9(11),24E-trien-26-oic acid (8), (24S,25R)-25-methoxylanosta-7,9(11)-dien-3β,24,26-triol (9), ganoderiol F (10). Compounds 1-5 had inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase with inhibitory rates of 86.0%, 50.8%, 52.8%, 76.9% and 88.0%, respectively. Compound 7 had inhibitory effect on human cervical cancer HeLa cells with inhibitory rate of 57.9% and compound 5 showed inhibitory rate of 67.2% on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. Conclusion All isolates were ganoderma tritepenoids and were isolated from G. amboinense for the first time. Compound 1 is a new compound named amboinenol A. Five compounds (1-5) have definite inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase and two compounds (7 and 5) showed weak cytotoxicities.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973568）；海南省自然科学基金资助项目（219MS078）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-21）；农业农村部财政专项项目（NFZX2021）