吡咯里西啶类生物碱（pyrrolizidine alkaloids，PAs）是一类种类繁多、分布广泛的植物内源性毒性成分，具有不同程度的肝毒性、遗传毒性和致癌性。目前已在约3%的开花植物中鉴定出600余种PAs及其氮氧化物。对可能含有毒性PAs的中草药，尤其是《中国药典》2020年版收录的品种进行了详尽梳理，对PAs的基本结构、植物来源和各国监管机构对其风险评估和限值制定情况，以及近年来分析方法的最新进展进行综述，并对其定性和定量分析中的难点进行讨论，对毒性PAs的监控提出建议，旨在为毒性PAs的检测研究、监管部门的政策制定提供警示和参考依据。

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) is a kind of widely distributed endogenous toxic components of plants with hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. More than 660 PAs/PAs N-oxide were identified so far, occurring in presumably 3% of all flowering plants. Chinese herbal medicines that may contain toxic PAs, especially the varieties included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2020 edition were reviewed in this article, basic structures and plant origin of PAs, and risk assessment and limit setting by national regulatory authorities, and recent advances in analytical methods were summarized. The difficulties in qualitative and quantitative analysis were also discussed, suggestions on monitoring of toxic PAs were put forward in order to provide warning and reference for study on detection of toxic PAs and the policy making of supervisory department.

R284.11

江苏省卫健委科研项目（LGY201810）；江苏省卫健委科研项目（LGY2019094）；江苏省药监局科研项目（20170201）