目的 采用色差法和显微成像技术获取生地黄与熟地黄粉末和显微特征颜色信息，通过统计分析探究基于色度学原理对生地黄与熟地黄进行快速鉴别的可行性。方法 利用色差仪测定地黄生、熟品粉末颜色，使用显微镜摄取生地黄与熟地黄木栓细胞、导管的显微特征图像，使用“显微特征颜色提取”软件测定显微特征颜色，以生地黄与熟地黄粉末和显微特征颜色值（L^*、a^*、b^*）及总色值（E_ab^*）为基础，利用Kruska-Wallis H秩和检验、聚类分析和正交偏最小二乘-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA）研究生地黄与熟地黄的差异，利用Fisher判别分析建立二者粉末与显微特征颜色的非标准化典则判别函数。结果 a^*为生地黄与熟地黄主要差异性颜色值，木栓细胞为生地黄与熟地黄主要差异性显微特征。生地黄与熟地黄粉末颜色的非标准化典则判别函数为y＝0.629L^*＋0.379 a^*－2.754 b^*＋1.494 E_ab^*－40.662，显微特征颜色的非标准化典则判别函数为y＝0.497L^*－0.659 b^*＋0.267 E_ab^*－5.428；上述2个函数判别规则为y>0判为生地黄，y<0判为熟地黄。结论 利用色差法和显微成像技术实现了生地黄与熟地黄粉末和显微特征颜色的数字化表达，Fisher判别分析利用饮片粉末和显微特征颜色信息可有效判别生地黄与熟地黄，为中药生、制饮片的判别提供了一种新方法，为中药饮片的质量评价提供了借鉴。

Objective To study the color information of powder and microscopic characteristics of Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, RR) and Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, RRP) by the color difference method and the microscopic imaging technology, and explore the feasibility of rapid identification of RR and RRP based on colorimetric principle through statistical analysis. Methods The precision colorimeter was used to measure the powder color of RR and RRP, the microscope was used to obtain the microscopic images of cork cells and conduits of RR and RRP, the "microscopic characteristics color extraction" software was used to measure the microscopic characteristics color, based on the values of L^*, a^*, b^* and E_ab^* of powder and microscopic characteristics of RR and RRP, Kruska-Wallis H test, hierarchical cluster analysis and OPLS-DA was used to compare the differences between RR and RRP, Fisher discriminant analysis was used to establish the non-standardized criterion discriminant function of powder color and microscopic characteristics color of RR and RRP. Results a^* was the main difference color value and the cork cells was the main difference in microscopic characteristics of RR and RRP. The non-standardized criterion discriminant function of powder color:y=0.629 L^* + 0.379 a^*-2.754 b^* + 1.494 E_ab^*-40.662 and the non-standardized criterion discriminant function of microscopic characteristics color:y=0.497 L^*-0.659 b^* + 0.267 E_ab^*-5.428, the discriminant rules of the two functions were as follows:y > 0 corresponding to RR, y < 0 corresponding to RRP. Conclusion The digital expression of powder color and microscopic characteristics color of RR and RRP is realized by the color difference method and the microscopic imaging technology, Fisher discriminant analysis are feasible to distinguish the RR and RRP using the color information of powder and microscopic characteristics, which provides a new method for the identification of raw and processed Chinese medicine, with view to providing reference for quality evaluation of Chinese medicine.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划课题（2018YFC1707002）；国家重点研发计划课题（2018YFC1707204）；山东省高校中药质量控制与全产业链建设协同创新中心资助课题（CYLXTCX2021-12）；《山东省中药饮片炮制规范》（2022年版）饮片标准研究课题（2020-272）；《山东省中药饮片炮制规范》（2022年版）饮片标准研究课题（2020-273）；《山东省中药饮片炮制规范》（2022年版）饮片标准研究课题（2020-274）