目的 比较不同类型栀子外观性状、化学成分、消炎利胆作用3者之间的联系。方法 观察并测量不同类型栀子的外观性状；采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法检测不同类型栀子中栀子苷和西红花苷I含量；考察不同类型栀子对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响；考察不同类型栀子对高脂饲料喂养大鼠胆汁分泌、胆汁中总胆红素及总胆汁酸含量的影响；比较不同类型栀子的药效差异及与栀子大小、栀子苷及西红花苷I含量之间的联系。结果 西红花苷I含量与单果质量、果大小指标呈显著正相关，西红花苷I含量、单果质量、果大小与小鼠耳廓肿胀抑制率呈显著负相关，与大鼠胆汁流量、总胆汁酸及总胆红素含量呈负相关，栀子苷含量的高低与其药理作用没有显著的关联性。结论 不同类型栀子的大小和质量差异与其药理作用具有一定的关联性，栀子“以圆小、皮薄、饱满者为佳”在现代药理实验中得到映证，具有一定的科学意义，可以为优良栀子药材资源的选择提供科学依据。

Objective To compare the relationship among appearance, chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and cholagogic effects of different types of Zhizi (Gardenia Fructus). Methods The appearance traits of different types of gardenias were observed and measured. HPLC method was used to detect the content of geniposide and crocin I in Gardenia Fructus. Effect of Gardenia Fructus on auricle swelling induced by xylene in mice was investigated. Effects of Gardenia Fructus on bile secretion, total bilirubin and total bile acid content in bile of rats fed with high fat diet were investigated. The relationship among gardenia size, content of chemical components and pharmaceutical effect of different types of Gardenia Fructus were evaluated. Results The content of crocin I was positively correlated with fruit weight and size. The content of crocin I, single fruit weight and fruit size was significantly correlated with the inhibition rate of auricle swelling in mice, and negatively correlated with bile flow, total bile acid and total bilirubin content in rats. There was no significant correlation between the content of geniposide and its pharmacological action. Conclusion The differences of size and weight of different types of Gardenia Fructus are related to their pharmacological effects. Traditional Gardenia Fructus selection experience that “small round, thin skin, plump is better” has been proved in modern pharmacological experiments, which has certain scientific significance and can provide a scientific basis for the selection of excellent Gardenia Fructus.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（32060356）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31760220）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（CARS-21）；江西省重点研发计划项目（20203BBF63024）；江西省林业科技创新专项（201706）