目的 以王不留行Vaccariae Semen为碳源，从中发现了王不留行炭纳米类成分（Vaccariae Semen Carbonisatum nano-components，VSC-NCs），并评价其对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 利用马弗炉高温煅烧出王不留行炭，并从中提取分离出VSC-NCs。利用透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、荧光光谱、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析对其进行表征鉴定。采用小鼠酒精性肝损伤模型，对肝脏进行苏木精-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin，HE）染色，同时检测谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase，ALT）、谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase，AST）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase，ALP）、总胆汁酸（total bile acid，TBA）的含量以及肝匀浆液中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）、丙二醛的水平来评价VSC-NCs的保肝作用。结果 表征分析结果显示VSC-NCs为类球型，粒径分布在1.20~5.10 nm，晶格间距为0.23 nm，其主要由C、N、O 3种元素组成，表面含有羰基、羟基等基团。动物实验结果表明VSC-NCs可以显著降低酒精诱导的肝损伤小鼠ALT、AST、TBA和ALP含量，同时显著提高SOD水平和降低丙二醛的水平，表明VSC-NCs可以提高机体清除氧自由基的能力，减少脂质过氧化物的产生，从而达到保肝作用。结论 首次从王不留行炭中发现了VSC-NCs，并证实了其对酒精所造成的肝损伤有明显保护作用，这不仅表明了VSC-NCs可以作为治疗酒精性肝损伤的一种潜在药物，也为研究中药物质基础提供了一种全新思维方式。

Objective Nano-components were discovered from Vaccaria Semen Carbonisatum (VSC) and explored their hepatoprotective effect on alcoholic liver injury in mice. Methods The VSC was calcinated by muffle furnace at a high temperature. By filtration, extraction and dialysis of the decoction, a new water-soluble substance was obtained and named as VSC nano-components (VSC-NCs). The VSC-NCs were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), fluorescence spectroscopy, X-are ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other instruments and methods. According to the alcoholic liver injury model, performing hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining on the liver and measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bile acid (TBA) and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver homogenate are to evaluate protective effect on liver injury of VSC-NCs. Results Characterization results showed that VSC-NCs were spherical, uniformly distributed in particle size between 1.20-5.10 nm, with a lattice spacing of 0.23 nm. The VSC-NCs were mainly composed by C, N, O and the surface contained carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. The animal experiment results showed that VSC-NCs significantly reduced the content of ALT, AST, TBA and ALP in mice with alcohol-induced liver injury, and significantly increased the level of SOD and reduced the level of MDA. The results indicated that VSC-NCs can improve the body's ability to scavenge oxygen free radicals and reduce the production of lipid peroxides, thereby protecting liver cells. Conclusion The VSC-NCs were discovered from Vaccaria Semen Carbonisatum for the first time and proved that they have a significant protective effect on liver damage caused by alcohol. This not only shows that VSC-NCs can be used as a potential drug for the treatment of alcoholic liver injury, but also provides a new way of thinking for the qualitative basis of traditional Chinese medicine in research.

R283.6

中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目（2019-JYB-TD-001）