目的 研究不同种植方式、遮阴度及施肥对白及Bletilla striata产量和品质的影响，确定最适种植方式和栽培管理措施，为白及规范化、规模化种植提供科学依据。方法 采用3因素4水平正交设计进行田间试验，研究种植方式、遮阴度、施肥对2年生“川及1号”产量、多糖含量、1，4-二[4-（葡萄糖氧）苄基]-2-异丁基苹果酸酯含量的影响。结果 不同种植方式与栽培措施对生长指标有显著影响；种植方式、遮阴度对块茎干质量、多糖及苹果酸酯含量有显著影响，施肥量对块茎干质量、多糖与苹果酸酯含量影响不显著。当采用覆膜栽培（A2）时，块茎干质量[（1 784.51±100.01）kg/hm²]、多糖[（39.04±0.28）%]与苹果酸酯含量[（7.72±0.45）%]均达到最高；当采用25%遮阴处理（C2）时，多糖含量最高，达到（39.31±0.28）%，无遮阴处理（C1）的苹果酸酯含量最高，达到（7.61±0.83）%。结论 不同种植方式与栽培措施对白及产量与品质影响差异显著。“川及1号”适宜种植方式为覆膜栽培，采取25%的遮阴处理，高肥力土壤背景下150 kg/hm²为较适施肥量。

Objective The effects of different planting methods, shading and amount of fertilizer on the yield and quality of Bletilla striata were studied. The optimum planting methods and cultivation management measures were determined, which will provide a scientific basis for the Bletilla striata of GAP. Methods In this study, the field experiment was carried out with three-factor and four-level orthogonal design to study the effects of planting methods, shading and fertilization on the yield, polysaccharide content and militarine content of 2-year-old Bletilla striata ‘Chuan Ji No.1’. Results The different planting methods and cultivation measures has significant differences in the growth index of Bletilla striata. The planting methods and shading have significant influence on the dry weight tuber, the content of Bletilla striata polysaccharide and militarine, while the amount of fertilization has no significant influence. When the mulching cultivation(A2) was used, the dry weight of tuber (1 784.51±100.01) kg/hm², polysaccharide (39.04 ±0.28)% and militarine (7.72 ±0.45)% of Bletilla striata are the highest. When the 25% (C2) shading treatment was used, the content of polysaccharide is (39.04 ±0.28)%, and the 0% shading treatment (C1) of militarine is (7.61 ±0.83)%. Conclusion Different planting method and cultivation measures can change the yield and effective components of Bletilla striata. The suitable planting method of Bletilla striata, Chuan Ji No.1, is mulching cultivation, adopting 25% shading treatment, and under the background of high fertility soil, 150 kg/hm² is the appropriate fertilizer amount.

R286.2

四川省重点研发计划（2018SZ0095）；四川省重点研发项目（2020YFS0327）；四川省科技创新苗子工程（2019-06）；四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S201910619049）