“十八反”中有甘草作为反药组合的记载，《中国药典》2020年版记载有甘草Glycyrrhixa uralensis、胀果甘草G.inflata或光果甘草G.glabra 3个物种，“十八反”中甘草属何物种不能确定。在《神农本草经》提出“甘草”作为正名前，甘草名称较为混乱；古代陕西、甘肃、四川、内蒙古等地均产甘草，与今乌拉尔甘草产地较为一致；历代本草著作中甘草的小叶形态、荚果、总状花序等植物学形态与当今《中国植物志》中记载甘草植物学形态基本一致，与乌拉尔甘草最为接近；综合分析“十八反”中所记载甘草为乌拉尔甘草的可能性较大。

There is a record of licorice as an aotagonstic medicinal combination in "eighteen antagonisms". The 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia records that there are three varieties of licorice:Glycyrrhixa uralensis Fisch., G. inflata Bat., G. glabra L. The species of licorice in the "eighteen antagonisms" cannot be determined. Before Shen Nong's Materia Medica proposed "licorice" as the correct name, the name of licorice was rather confused. Ancient Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia and other places all produced licorice, which is more consistent with the current licorice production area. The leaflet morphology, pods, racemes, butterfly flowers, corolla color, and root skin color of licorice recorded in the licorice can be judged that the licorice used in ancient times is basically the same as the licorice botanical morphology recorded in Flora of China, and is the most similar to G. uralensis. Comprehensive analysis of the ancient Chinese herbal medicine records that the licorice species is more likely G. uralensis.

R281.3

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973496）