芳香中药防治疾病，在传统中医学中有着重要作用。现代药理研究发现芳香中药及其活性成分能促进自主活动、兴奋中枢神经系统、减少睡眠时长以及提高认知、学习、记忆能力。通过查阅国内外相关文献，发现迷迭香、苏合香、薄荷、石菖蒲、冰片、柠檬、麝香、香根草单方及其组成的复方具有提神醒脑的功效，另外提神醒脑的芳香中药大多含有柠檬烯、α-蒎烯、芳樟醇、β-蒎烯以及1，8-桉叶素等成分，而这些成分也存在于镇静安神类芳香中药中，提示可能因其成分含量的不同表现出双向调节作用。从单方、复方和有效成分3个方面对具有提神醒脑、提高认知的芳香中药精油的药效及相关作用机制进行综述，以期为筛选安全有效的芳香精油提供新的研究思路，并为新型复方提神醒脑芳香中药精油的开发提供理论依据。

Aromatic Chinese medicine play an important role in traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating diseases. Modern pharmacological studies have found that aromatic Chinese medicine and its active components can promote autonomous activities, stimulation of central nervous system and reduction of sleep duration, as well as the improvement of cognitive learning and memory ability. By looking up recent literatures at home and abroad, rosemary, styrax, mentha, acorus gladiolus, borneol, lemon, musk, vetiver and their combination had refreshing effects. In addition, most of refreshing aromatic Chinese medicine include limonene, α-pinene, linalool, β-pinene and 1,8-cineole. These components also exist in sedative and tranquilizing aromatic traditional Chinese medicines, suggesting that they may show bidirectional regulation due to the different content of components. The efficacy and related mechanism of aromatic essential oil of traditional Chinese medicine which can refresh the mind and improve cognition from three aspects of monotherapy, compound and active components in this paper, in order to provide new research ideas for screening safe and effective aromatic essential oils, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new compound refreshing aromatic Chinese medicine essential oil.

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江西省一流学科项目（JXSYLXK-ZHYA0091）；江西省一流学科项目（JXSYLXK-ZHYA0092）；中药精油关键技术与中医香疗健康产品研发及产业化项目（20194ABC28009）；江西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202010412062，S202010412052）