目的 研究药用大黄Rheum officinale转录组编码序列的密码子使用特点及其影响因素，为蒽醌类化合物异源合成的载体选择及药用大黄分子进化研究提供理论基础。方法 利用perl程序及Codon W软件分析4733条药用大黄转录组编码序列的密码子使用偏好性。结果 药用大黄转录组编码序列的GC、GC3平均含量分别为45.6%、44.73%，GC12与GC3存在显著正相关（r＝0.215，P<0.001）；ENc-GC3中性图及偏倚性分析结果显示，大部分基因分布于远离期望曲线和平面中心点，大部分基因分布偏离期望曲线和中心点。通过基因高表达筛选密码子方法确定了29个药用大黄的最优密码子，大多数的最优密码子以U和A结尾。结论 突变压力在药用大黄转录组编码序列的密码子使用偏好性形成过程这起到主要作用。

Objective To study the characteristics of the codon usage patterns of the coding sequence of Rheum officinale based on transcriptome data. This studyl lay a foundation for future research on anthraquinone biosynthesis and molecular evolution in R. officinale. Methods Perl program and Codon W software were used to analyze the codon usage bias patterns of 4733 transcriptome coding sequences. Results The average contents of GC and GC3 of the coding sequence in R. officinale were 45.6% and 44.73%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between GC12 and GC3 (r=0.215, P < 0.001). The results of ENc-GC3 and bias analysis showed that most genes were distributed far away from the standard curve and the center area of the axis, and a small number of genes distributed around the standard curve and the center area. Twenty-nine optimal codons were identified as being biased toward codons ending with U or A using the high expression superior codon analysis method. Conclusion Mutation pressure played a key role in the formation of codon usage bias in R. officinale coding sequences.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973430）；河北省自然科学基金资助项目（H2020201006）；河北大学医学学科培育项目（2021B10）；陕西省重点产业创新链（群）项目（2021ZDLSF04-01）；陕西省高校青年杰出人才支持计划项目；陕西中医药大学学科创新团队项目（2019-QN01）