灵芝是常用的名贵中药材，药用历史悠久，药用价值高。多糖类成分是灵芝（赤芝Ganoderma lucidum和紫芝G.sinense）中重要的生物活性成分之一，具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、保肝、抗氧化、降血糖、心血管系统和神经保护等作用，具有潜在的开发应用价值。通过对近年来国内外灵芝多糖的结构特征、生物活性以及潜在作用机制的相关文献进行归纳总结，为明确灵芝多糖的现代药用价值提供基础，为灵芝多糖作为治疗药物和辅助性功能食品的开发提供参考和借鉴。

Lingzhi (Ganoderma) is commonly used rare Chinese medicinal materials with a long medicinal history and high medicinal value. Polysaccharides exist as one of important bioactive components from Ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum and G. sinense), possessing various biological activities such as immunomodulation, antitumor, hepatoprotection, anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic, cardiovascular system protection and neuroprotection. Polysaccharides have potential development and application value. In this article, the recent domestic and foreign literatures on the structural characteristics, biological activities and potential action mechanisms of polysaccharides from G. lucidum and G. sinense were collected and summarized, which provides a basis for clarifying the modern medicinal value of Ganoderma polysaccharides, and provides a reference for in-depth development of Ganoderma polysaccharides as therapeutic drugs and auxiliary functional foods.

R282.71;R285

国家自然科学基金项目（81973454）；广东省自然科学基金项目（2021A1515011606）