目的 研究白木乌桕Neoshirakia japonica醋酸乙酯提取物中木脂素类化学成分及其抗神经炎症和DPPH自由基清除活性。方法 利用多种色谱手段（硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS和制备型HPLC等）对醋酸乙酯提取物的化学成分进行分离纯化，再借助现代波谱手段（紫外、红外、核磁、质谱、圆二色谱）和化学方法对其进行结构鉴定，采用脂多糖（LPS）刺激的BV-2小胶质细胞释放NO模型分析化合物对NO产生的抑制作用，评价其潜在的抗神经炎症活性；另外以维生素C（Vc）作为阳性对照分析化合物对DPPH自由基的清除能力。结果 首次从白木乌桕醋酸乙酯提取物中分离得到2个木脂素葡萄糖苷类化合物，分别鉴定为（-）-松脂醇4-O-[6-O-（E）-咖啡酰基]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）和（+）-松脂醇4-O-[6-O-（E）-咖啡酰基]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2）；DPPH自由基清除活性实验结果显示，化合物2 对DPPH自由基清除的半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）为38.1 μmol/L。结论 化合物1 为新化合物，命名为白木乌桕糖苷A。与阳性对照Vc相比，化合物2 对DPPH自由基有一定的清除能力。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the EtOAc extract of Neoshirakia japonica and their anti-neuroinflammatory and DPPH-radical scavenging activity. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatographies, and semi-preparative HPLC, then their structures were elucidated by extensive modern spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD) and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-neuroinflammatory activities by inhibiting the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine BV-2 microglial cells and their DPPH-radical scavenging abilities with the positive control vitamin C. Results Two lignan glucosides were isolated from the EtOAc extract of N. japonica and identified as (-)-pinoresinol 4-O-[6-O-(E)-caffeoyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and (+)-pinoresinol 4-O-[6-O-(E)-caffeoyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). The results of DPPH-radical scavenging activity showed that the IC₅₀ value of compound 2 was 38.1 μmol/L. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new lignan glucoside named as japonicoside A. Compound 2 exhibited moderate DPPH-radical scavenging activity, compared to the positive control Vc (IC₅₀=20.7 μmol/L).

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广西八桂青年学者项目；广西自然科学基金杰出青年项目（2017GXNSFFA198004）