目的 从分子水平快速、准确鉴别壮药材滇桂艾纳香的2个常混淆基原植物假东风草Blumea riparia（小花种）和东风草B.megacephala（大花种），研究假东风草（小花种）和东风草（大花种）的亲缘关系。方法 采用SCoT分子标记研究，利用23条引物对30个植物样本进行扩增，NTSYS软件进行聚类分析，SPSS 20.0软件进行主成分分析，并构建DNA指纹图谱，利用R语言进行Mantel test分析。结果 从23条SCoT引物中筛选出多态性较好且条带清晰、重复性高的引物11条，共扩增出213条带，不同引物扩增出的多态性条带数为8～30条，平均为19.0条，多态性比率为98.12%。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示，供试品种间Dice遗传相似系数为0.373～0.849，遗传相似性（genetic similarity coefficients，GS）在0.421处可将30个样本分为3大类，其中第I类为假东风草（小花种），第II类与第III类均为东风草（大花种），主成分分析结果与聚类结果一致。SCoT引物3所构建的指纹图谱多态性好、条带清晰、种间差异明显，可用于2个品种的鉴定。Mantel test分析结果显示遗传距离与地理距离呈显著相关性（r=0.392 9，P=00.01）。结论 SCoT分子标记可以准确地区分开假东风草（小花种）和东风草（大花种） 2个物种，为壮药材滇桂艾纳香的鉴别提供了新的方法。

Objective To establish a method for quick identification of Blumea megacephala and B.riparia of Zhuang herbs Dianguiainaxiang from molecular level. Methods Thirty samples were used to amplify by 23 SCoT primers. Cluster analysis was performed by NTSYS software. Principal component analysis was performed by SPSS 20.0 software. DNA fingerprint was constructed. Mantel test was analyzed by R language. Results B.riparia and B.megacephala were separated by 11 SCoT primers screened out from 23 SCoT primers, with good polymorphism, clear bands and high repeatability. A total of 213 bands were amplified from all samples. The number of polymorphic bands ranged from 8 to 30, with an average of 19.0. The polymorphism ratio (ppb) was 98.12%. The UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the genetic similarity coefficient (GS) of all samples was 0.373—0.849, and all samples could be divided into three groups at GS (genetic similarity coefficients) of 0.421, in which the first group was B.riparia (small flower species), both the remaining two groups were B.megacephala (big flower species). The principal component analysis were consistent with the results of clustering analysis. In addition, the fingerprint was also constructed using SCoT primer 3, and the fingerprint showed good polymorphism, clear bands and obvious interspecific differences, which can be used for the identification of B.riparia (small flower species) and B.megacephala (big flower species). The results of Mantel test showed that there was a significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance (r=0.392 9, P=00.01). Conclusion B.riparia (small flower species) and B.megacephala (big flower species) could be successfully identified using SCoT markers, which provided a new method for the identification of Zhuang herbs Dianguiainaxiang.

R282.12

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1708005）；西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助（2020NGD01）