目的 基于高通量测序技术探讨淫羊藿Epimedii Folium对生理状态及寒热模型大鼠肠道菌群多样变化的影响以判断淫羊藿的药性归属。方法 取SD大鼠40只随机分为3部分，生理状态大鼠、热证模型大鼠及寒证模型大鼠。生理状态大鼠共10只，随机分为2组：空白组与淫羊藿组（SmQ）；热证模型大鼠共15只，随机分为3组：空白组、热证模型组（RmcM）、热证模型淫羊藿组（RmcQ）；寒证模型大鼠共15只，随机分为3组：空白组、寒证模型组（HMmc）、寒证模型淫羊藿组（HQmc）。分别采用优乐甲120 mg/kg及冰水游泳方式建立大鼠热证与寒证模型，SmQ组、RmcQ组和HQmc组自造模第1天起ig淫羊藿提取物（10 mL/kg），空白组给予等量生理盐水，连续给药15 d，之后取大鼠新鲜粪便进行肠道菌群多样性分析。结果 淫羊藿可引起不同证候大鼠肠道菌群中OTUs数量、α多样性及主要菌门丰度的变化，同时通过β多样性分析可发现不同样本间的菌群结构出现显著性差异；同一样本间的菌群结构较为相似，表明实验所获得的样本可用于分析肠道菌群的变化。在门水平下，各模型淫羊藿组样本的拟杆菌门相对丰度均发生显著上升，厚壁菌门相对丰度发生显著下降，结合两菌门所具有的功能可对淫羊藿药性进行进一步推断。结论 通过对不同证候大鼠肠道菌群多样性的综合分析，生品淫羊藿药性偏寒凉，这可为临床合理用药提供理论依据。

Objective To explore the effects of crude EpimediumFolium on the changes of intestinal flora in physiological state, cold-heat syndrome model rats based on high-throughput sequencing technology, in order to determine the cold and heat properties of EpimediumFolium. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into three parts, including physiological state rats, heat syndrome model rats, and cold syndrome model rats. Ten rats in physiological state were randomly divided into two groups, including control group and EpimediumFolium administration group (SmQ); Fifteen heat syndrome model rats were randomly divided into three groups, including control group, heat syndrome model group (RmcM) and EpimediumFolium administration group (RmcQ); Fifteen cold syndrome model rats were randomly divided into three groups including control group, cold syndrome model group (HMmc), and EpimediumFolium administration group (HQmc). The heat and cold syndrome model were modeled with 120 mg/kg Euthyrox and ice water at 0 ℃. The EpimediumFolium administration group was given the extract (10 mL/kg) from the 1st d of modeling, and the control group was treated with equivalent normal saline for 15 d. Finally fresh rat faeces were taken for analysis of intestinal flora diversity. Results EpimediumFolium can cause changes in the number of OTUs, the diversity of alpha and the abundance of main bacteria in the intestinal flora of rats with different syndromes. By analyzing the diversity of beta, it can be found that there were significant differences in the structure of the flora between different samples, and the structure of the flora between the same samples was similar, indicating that the samples obtained from the experiment can be used to analyze the changes in the intestinal flora. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides phylum in the EpimediumFolium administration group increased significantly, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum decreased significantly. Combining the functions of the phylum can infer the property of EpimediumFolium. Conclusion The analysis of the diversity of the intestinal flora of rats with different syndromes shows that the property of EpimediumFolium maybe belong to the cold property, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical rational use of drugs.

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国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973”计划）：利水功效古存今失中药的药性研究（2013CB531804）；黑龙江中医药大学优秀创新人才项目（2018RCL13）