目的 比较西红花Crocus sativus水提物与红花Carthamus tinctorius水提物及其主要活性成分的抗血栓作用。方法SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、西红花酸（50 mg/kg）组、羟基红花黄色素A（50 mg/kg）组、西红花水提物（200 mg/kg）组、红花水提物（700 mg/kg）组和阿司匹林（50 mg/kg）组，大鼠sc肾上腺素建立急性血瘀模型。造模前给予药物干预7 d，观察各组大鼠凝血时间、凝血酶原片段1＋2（prothrombin fragment 1+2，F1＋2）、凝血酶抗凝血酶复合物（thrombin-antithrombin complex，TAT）、蛋白S（protein S，PS）、血流变相关指标、血生化相关指标、纤溶系统相关指标以及右颈动脉病理的变化情况。结果 与模型组比较，各给药组凝血时间显著升高（P<0.05），血清中F1＋2和PS水平显著降低（P<0.05、0.01）；除红花水提物组，其余各给药组血清中TAT水平显著降低（P<0.05）；西红花酸组和羟基红花黄色素A组150 s^-1切边率的全血黏度和红细胞压积显著降低（P<0.05）；西红花酸组、羟基红花黄色素A组和西红花水提物组60 s^-1切边率的全血黏度显著降低（P<0.05、0.01）；西红花酸组、羟基红花黄色素A组和红花水提物组10 s^-1切边率的全血黏度显著降低（P<0.05、0.01）；各给药组红细胞聚集指数显著降低（P<0.05）；各给药组大鼠血清中三酰甘油（triglycerides，TG）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）水平显著降低（P<0.05）；西红花酸组和羟基红花黄色素A组血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase，AST）活性显著降低（P<0.05），西红花酸组、西红花水提物组和红花水提物组血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase，ALT）活性显著降低（P<0.05）；各给药组血清中纤溶酶激活物抑制物（plasminogen activator inhibitor，PAI）和D-二聚体（D-dimer）水平显著降低（P<0.05、0.01），西红花酸组和西红花水提物组血清中6-酮-前列腺素F1a（6-keto-PGF1a）水平显著升高（P<0.05）；各给药组大鼠血管内皮脱落减少。结论 西红花酸的抗血栓作用优于羟基红花黄色素A，西红花水提物的抗血栓作用优于红花水提物。

Objective To compare the anti-thrombotic effects of water extract of Xihonghua (Crocus sativus) and Honghua (Carthamus tinctorius) and its main active ingredients. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, crocetin (50 mg/kg) group, hydroxysafflor yellow A (50 mg/kg) group, C. sativus water extract (200 mg/kg) group, C. tinctorius water extract (700 mg/kg) group and aspirin (50 mg/kg) group, rats were sc adrenaline to establish acute blood stasis model. Drug intervention was given for 7 d before modeling, coagulation time, serum prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), thrombin antithrombin complex (TAT), protein S (PS), blood rheology related indexes, blood biochemical related indicators, fibrinolytic system related indicators, and pathological changes of right carotid artery were observed in rats of each group. Results Compared with model group, coagulation time of each administration group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and levels of F1+2 and PS were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01); Except for C. tinctorius water extract group, TAT levels in rest administration groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); Blood viscosity of 150 s^-1 trimming rate and hematocrit in crocetin group and hydroxysafflor yellow A group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); Blood viscosity of 60 s^-1 trimming rate in crocetin group, hydroxysafflor yellow A group and C. sativus water extract group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, 0.01); Blood viscosity of 10 s^-1 trimming rate in crocetin group, hydroxysafflor yellow A group and C. tinctorius water extract group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, 0.01); Red blood cell aggregation index in each administration group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); Levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in each administration group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in serum of crocetin group and hydroxysafflor yellow A group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in crocetin group, C. sativus water extract group and C. tinctorius water extract group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); Levels of PAI and D-dimer in each administration group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, 0.01), 6-keto-PGF1α level in crocetin group and C. sativus water extract group were significantly increased (P < 0.05); Vascular endothelial shedding of rats in each administration group were decreased. Conclusion Anti-thrombotic effect of crocetin is better than that of hydroxysafflor yellow A, and anti-thrombotic effect of C. sativus saffron water extract is better than that of C. tinctorius water extract.

R285.5

浙江省科技计划项目国际科技合作一带一路专项项目（2017C04009）；政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2017YFE0130100）