[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 考察从淡豆豉炮制过程中分离鉴定的枯草芽孢杆菌、鲑色锁掷酵母菌、黑曲霉菌、屎肠球菌、鸟肠球菌5株菌对产毒黄曲霉菌的拮抗能力,为探讨淡豆豉炮制过程中黄曲霉毒素的消长机制奠定基础。方法 通过平板对峙法与十字交叉法检测5株菌及其代谢产物对产毒黄曲霉菌生长的影响;使用液质联用技术(liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer,LC-MS)考察5株菌对黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxin B1,AFB1)的降解效果。结果AFB1在10~200 ng/mL线性关系良好,r为0.999,低、中、高质量浓度的加样回收率为92.4%~97.2%,RSD为1.48%~2.35%(n=3)。其中鲑色锁掷酵母菌降解AFB1效果最好,达43.65%,对产毒黄曲霉菌生长抑制作用最强的是鲑色锁掷酵母菌,达64.29%,发酵上清液对产毒黄曲霉菌生长抑制作用最强的是屎肠球菌,为29.63%。结论 淡豆豉炮制过程中存在多种AFB1拮抗微生物。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To investigate the antagonistic ability of Bacillus subtilis, Sporidiobolus salmonicolor, Aspergillus niger, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus avium isolated from the processing of Sojae Semen Praeparatum (SSP) to Aspergillus flavus producing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), so as to lay a foundation for exploring the growth and decline mechanism of aflatoxin in the processing of SSP. Methods The effects of five strains and their metabolites on the growth of aflatoxin producing A. flavus were detected by plate confrontation method and cross method, and the degradation rate of AFB1 by five strains was researched by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results The linear correlation coefficient of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was > 0.999 in the range of 10—200 ng/mL. The recoveries of low, medium and high concentrations were 92.4%—97.2%, and RSD were 1.48%—2.35% (n = 3). Among the five strains, S. salmonicolor had the best degradation effect on AFB1, up to 43.65%, S. salmonicolor had the strongest inhibition effect on the growth of A. flavus, up to 64.29% and the fermentation supernatant of E. faecium had the strongest inhibition effect on the growth of A. flavus, up to 29.63%. Conclusion There are various microorganisms that inhibit the growth of AFT producing strains and the degradation of AFB1 in the fermentation processing of SSP.
[中图分类号]
R283.6
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金项目(82060709);国家自然科学基金项目(81660664);江西省卫健委科技计划项目(20203771);江西省重点研发计划一般项目(20192BBGL70051);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ190634)