目的 基于中药质量标志物（Q-Marker）的理论依据，结合指纹图谱和网络药理学对瓜蒌饮片Q-Marker进行初步预测分析。方法 建立瓜蒌饮片的指纹图谱，对15批瓜蒌饮片进行相似度评价，同时进行主成分分析（PCA）及偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS-DA）；通过网络药理学筛选瓜蒌饮片相关成分的靶点和通路，构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络图，预测瓜蒌饮片的Q-Marker。结果 建立了15批瓜蒌饮片的的指纹图谱，相似度均大于0.900，经PCA和PLS-DA显示同一产地的瓜蒌饮片各自聚为一类，指认的16、9、12号峰在区分不同产地瓜蒌饮片中起重要作用。网络药理学分析表明，3，29-二苯甲酰基瓜蒌仁三醇等成分是瓜蒌饮片发挥活性作用的有效成分，结合Q-Marker理念，进一步明确3，29-二苯甲酰基瓜蒌仁三醇可作为瓜蒌饮片潜在的Q-Marker。结论 通过指纹图谱和网络药理学分析预测了瓜蒌饮片的Q-Marker，为全面控制和评价瓜蒌饮片质量提供了科学依据，为瓜蒌饮片的进一步开发应用提供理论参考。

Objective Based on the theoretical basis of quality marker (Q-Marker) of traditional Chinese medicine, combined with fingerprints and network pharmacology, the preliminary prediction analysis of the quality markers of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces was carried out. Methods The similarity evaluation of 15 batches of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces was carried out using the similarity evaluation system software (2012A) of Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprints; The principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed at the same time. The targets and pathways of the relevant components of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces were screened by network pharmacology, and the “component-target-pathway” network diagram was constructed to predict the quality markers of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces. Results The fingerprints of 15 batches of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces were established, and their similarities were all greater than 0.900. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that the Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces from the same place of origin were grouped together. The designated peak 16, peak 9 and peak 12 played an important role in distinguishing the Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces from different origins. Network pharmacological analysis showed that 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol and other ingredients were the active ingredients of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces, combined with the core of the quality marker, it was further clarified 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol can be used as a potential quality marker for Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces. Conclusion The study predicts the quality markers of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces through fingerprint and network pharmacological analysis, provides a scientific basis for comprehensive control and evaluation of the quality of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces, and provides a theoretical reference for the further development and application of Trichosanthis Fructus decoction pieces.

R286

国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1707000）