[关键词]
[摘要]
中药曲剂起源甚早,由中药材经微生物发酵而成,是中药中极具特色的一类药用形式。曲剂发酵是微生物-酶-化学成分-药效的动态变化过程,中药经发酵后可缓和药性、增强或改变药效、降低毒性,扩大了曲剂的临床用药范围。由于曲剂发酵过程复杂难以控制、物质基础未阐明和发酵机制不明确等因素,导致曲剂质量标准缺乏科学性,严重影响其临床应用的安全性与有效性。通过对曲剂制备工艺、发酵过程中物质及功能变化、发酵机制等方面的研究进行综述,为进一步优化曲剂制备工艺,阐明其发酵机制,完善其质量标准提供理论依据,以期为曲剂的深入研究与应用奠定基础。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Fermented medicine has a very early origin, which is produced by microbial fermentation of Chinese materia medica. It is a special medicinal form in traditional Chinese medicine. The fermentation of fermented medicine is a dynamic change process of microorganism-enzyme-chemical composition-drug effect. After fermentation, Chinese materia medica can alleviate drug properties, enhance or change drug effects, reduce toxicity, and expand the clinical application range of fermented medicine. Due to the complicated fermentation process, unclear material basis and fermentation mechanism, the quality standard does not display the characteristic of fermented medicine, which seriously affects the safety and effectiveness of its clinical application. Therefore, this paper reviewed the preparation process, the changes of components and functions in the fermentation process, and the fermentation mechanism of fermented medicine, so as to provide scientific basis for further optimizing the preparation process, clarifying its fermentation mechanism, and perfecting the quality standard of fermented medicine. It will lay a foundation for the in-depth research and application of fermented medicine.
[中图分类号]
R286
[基金项目]
天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划重点项目(2018ZD02);天津中医药大学研究生科研创新项目(YJSKC-20191028)