目的 GRAS转录因子在植物响应逆境胁迫和调控次生代谢方面起重要作用。为了研究GRAS转录因子在大麻素生物合成途径中的潜在功能，对大麻Cannabis sativa基因组中的GRAS基因进行全基因组鉴定、表达模式和功能分析。方法 使用NCBI、PlantTFDB、ExPASy等在线网站以及TBtools、MEGA、DNAMAN等软件对CsGRAS基因进行鉴定、可视化分析和功能预测。结果 在大麻基因组中共鉴定出44个GRAS基因，在10条染色体上不均匀分布，基因之间存在串联重复现象；CsGRAS基因编码氨基酸数目为436～757，等电点介于4.77～7.24，相对分子质量为49 164.54～85 748.52；亚细胞定位分析显示CsGRAS主要定位在细胞核中；系统发育分析将CsGRAS分为10个亚家族；CsGRAS基因启动子区含有光响应元件、GA响应元件和MeJA响应元件等；CsGRAS在不同品种不同组织中表达量差异显著，其中CsGRAS4、CsGRAS13、CsGRAS15、CsGRAS17和CsGRAS44在花中特异性高表达，推测其可能调控大麻素生物合成。结论 全面分析了大麻基因组中的GRAS家族，有助于更好地挖掘GRAS基因在大麻的大麻素生物合成调控和响应逆境胁迫中的作用。

Objective In plants, GRAS transcription factors play important roles in stress response and regulation of secondary metabolism. In this study, to investigate the potential roles of GRAS transcription factors in cannabinoid biosynthesis, genome-wide identification and expression and functional analysis of GRAS genes family in hemp (Cannabis sativa) were performed. Methods Identification, visualized analysis and function prediction of CsGRAS genes were carried out by online websites such as NCBI, PlantTFDB, ExPASy and several softwares including TBtools, MEGA and DNAMAN. Results A total of 44 CsGRAS genes were identified in hemp genome, which were unevenly distributed on 10 chromosomes and displayed tandem duplication between genes. The number of amino acids encoded by CsGRAS genes was between 436 and 757, the isoelectric point of which was between 4.77 and 7.24, and the molecular weight of which was between 49 164.54 and 85 748.52. Subcellular localization analysis showed that most of the CsGRAS were located in the nucleus. CsGRAS genes were divided into 10 subfamilies by phylogenetic tree analysis. Light response elements, GA response elements and MeJA response elements were found in the promoter region of CsGRAS genes. The expression profiles of CsGRAS were significantly different in varied cultivars and tissues. CsGRAS4, CsGRAS13, CsGRAS15, CsGRAS17, and CsGRAS44 specifically and highly expressed in flowers, suggesting that these CsGRAS may play key roles in regulating cannabinoid biosynthesis. Conclusion This study comprehensively analyzed the GRAS family in hemp genome, which provides significant insights into the potential function of GRAS gene in the regulation of cannabinoid biosynthesis and stress response in hemp.

R286.12

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（ZXKT19019）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（ZZ11-096）