目的 研究小儿升麻方对流感病毒性肺炎小鼠的治疗作用，并通过网络药理学方法探究其抗流感病毒性肺炎的作用机制。方法 小鼠随机分为对照组，模型组，小儿升麻方低、中、高剂量（1.75、3.50、7.00 g/kg）组和生理盐水组，给药第2天，经鼻滴入0.03 mL FM1流感病毒尿囊液建立流感病毒性肺炎模型，第7天测定小鼠肺指数。采用网络药理学方法在TCMIP数据库查找小儿升麻方各药材化学成分和靶点信息，在Genecards数据库中查找流感病毒性肺炎相关靶点，通过韦恩图筛选小儿升麻方与流感病毒性肺炎的共同靶点，借助Omicsbean分析系统与STRING数据库对共同靶点进行基因本体（gene ontology，GO）功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes，KEGG）信号通路分析。结合STRING数据库与Cytoscape 3.7.0软件将共同靶点进行可视化处理，筛选核心靶点，构建"药材-成分-靶点-通路"网络。结果 小儿升麻方高剂量组显著降低流感病毒性肺炎小鼠的肺指数（P<0.05）。小儿升麻方与流感病毒性肺炎有69个共同靶点，通过蛋白相互作用（protein-protein interaction，PPI）网络筛选出24个核心靶点，对应29个化学成分，86条主要通路。结论 小儿升麻方对流感病毒性肺炎小鼠有潜在的治疗作用，可通过多成分、多靶点、多通路发挥治疗流感病毒性肺炎作用。

Objective To study the effect of Xiaoer Shengma Formula (小儿升麻方) on influenza virus pneumonia mice and explore its anti-influenza virus pneumonia mechanism through network pharmacology. Methods Mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-, medium-, high-dose Xiaoer Shengma Formula (1.75, 3.50, 7.00 g/kg) groups and normal saline group. On day 2 after administration, mice were intranasally injected with 0.03 mL FM1 influenza virus allantoic fluid to establish influenza virus pneumonia model. Lung index of mice were measured on day 7. Chemical composition and target information of Xiaoer Shengma Formula were searched from TCMIP database by using network pharmacology method, influenza virus pneumonia-related targets were searched from Genecards database, common targets between Xiaoer Shengma Formula and influenza virus pneumonia were screened through Venn diagram. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis on common targets were performed by Omicsbean analysis system and STRING database. Core targets were visualized by combining STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.0 software, and "medicinal materials-ingredients-targets-pathways" network was established. Results High-dose Xiaoer Shengma Formula group significantly reduced the lung index of mice with influenza virus pneumonia (P<0.05). There were 69 common targets between Xiaoer Shengma Formula and influenza virus, and 24 core targets were screened through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, corresponding to 29 main chemical components and 86 main pathways. Conclusion Xiaoer Shengma Formula has a potential therapeutic effect on mice with influenza virus pneumonia, which could play an anti-influenza virus pneumonia effect through multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.

R285.5

天津市科技支撑计划项目（17YFZCSY00750）