目的 研究小黄皮Clausena emarginata茎的化学成分及其保肝活性。方法 采用硅藻土、硅胶等多种柱色谱、中压制备液相色谱（MPLC）及制备型HPLC等方法对小黄皮茎的化学成分进行分离纯化，根据化合物理化性质结合现代波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构；并测试其对DL-半乳糖胺诱导肝细胞损伤的保护活性及其对脂多糖（LPS）诱导小鼠小胶质BV2细胞产生一氧化氮（NO）的抑制活性。结果 从小黄皮茎的95%乙醇提取物的氯仿部位分离得到11个化合物，分别鉴定为nordentatin（1）、oxanordentatin（2）、5'-羟基葡萄内酯（3）、7-[（E）-7'-羟基-3'，7'-二甲基-2'，5'-二烯]-香豆素（4）、7-羟基香豆素（5）、claulamine A（6）、γ-崖椒碱（7）、开环异落叶松脂素（8）、2-{4-[（1E）-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl]-2，6-dimethoxyphenoxy}propane-1，3-diol（9）、2-[4-（3-hydroxy-1-propenyl）-2-methoxyphenoxy]-1，3-propanediol（10）、甲基-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基苯甲酸（11）。其中，化合物1~5为香豆素类化合物，6为咔唑生物碱，7为呋喃喹啉类生物碱，8为木脂素类化合物，9、10为苯丙素类化合物，11为酚酸类化合物。结论 化合物2~4、7~11为首次从该植物中分离得到，化合物5和7对DL-半乳糖胺诱导的肝细胞损伤具有一定的保护活性，化合物11对LPS诱导BV2细胞产生NO具有一定的抑制作用。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents and hepatoprotective effects from the stems of Clausena emarginata. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by chromatography on kieselguhr, silica gel, MPLC, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified based on physicochemical properties and spectral data. Hepatoprotective activities against DL-galactosamine-induced damage and inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production of the compounds were investigated. Results Eleven compounds were isolated from the CHCl₃ fractions of 95% ethanol extract of the stems of C. emarginata, and their structures were identified as nordentatin (1), oxanordentatin (2), anisocoumarin H (3), 7-((E)-7'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylocta-2', 5'-dienyloxy)-coumarin (4), 7-hydroxycoumarin (5), claulamine A (6), γ-fagarine (7), secoisolariciresinol (8), 2-{4-[(1E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy}propane-1,3-diol (9), 2-[4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanediol (10), and methyl 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate (11). Compounds 1-5 were coumarins, 6 was a carbazole alkaloid, 7 was a furoquinoline alkaloid, 8 was a lignan, 9-10 were phenylpropanoids, and 11 was a phenolic acid. Conclusion Compounds 2-4, 7-11 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 5 and 7 show hepatoprotective effects against DL-galactosamine-induced toxicity in WB-F344 cells. Compound 11 shows inhibitory effect against LPS-induced NO production in microglia BV2 Cell.

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山东省重大科技创新工程（2017CXGC1308）；山东省重点研发计划（2019GSF108001）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2016HQ17，ZR2016HQ49）