目的 分析和比较5种红豆杉中6种紫杉烷类化合物含量的差异。方法 利用乙醇超声浸提后得到样品溶液；通过高效液相色谱法测定和相关性分析、回归分析和聚类分析比较紫杉醇、巴卡亭III、10-去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ（10-deacetylbaccatin III，10-DAB）、10-去乙酰基紫杉醇（10-deacetyltaxol，10-DAT）、三尖杉宁碱和10-去乙酰基-7-木糖基紫杉醇（10-deacetyl-7-xylosetaxol，DXT）含量。结果 不同种红豆杉紫杉烷含量存在显著性差异，陇南地区中国红豆杉中10-DAB、紫杉醇、10-DAT和三尖杉宁碱含量显著高于其他种红豆杉，曼地亚红豆杉和湖南省南方红豆杉中10-DAB含量也相对较高；相关性分析、回归分析及聚类分析均表明，10-DAT和三尖杉宁碱与紫杉醇含量显著相关，且前者比后者对紫杉醇含量的影响作用更大；聚类分析还表明温室内栽植的南方红豆杉聚为一类，大田种植的中国红豆杉、东北红豆杉、太行山地区南方红豆杉和曼地亚红豆杉聚为一类，表明环境因子对紫杉烷积累具有明显影响。结论 不同种红豆杉中紫杉烷含量具有显著差异，种类是影响红豆杉紫杉醇等紫杉烷含量的重要因素，紫杉醇含量随着10-DAT和三尖杉宁碱含量增加而增加。

Objective To analyze and compare the contents of six taxanes in five different Taxus species. Methods The sample solution was obtained by ultrasonic extraction with ethanol; The contents of taxol, baccatin III, 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAB), 10-deacetyltaxol (10-DAT), cephalotaxine, and 10-deacetyl-7-xylosetaxol (DXT) were investigated by HPLC method, and analyzed with correlation, regression, and cluster analysis. Results The contents of 10-DAB, Taxol, 10-DAT and cephalotaxine in Taxus chinensis form Longnan Area were significantly higher than those in other Taxus species. The contents of 10-DAB T. chinensis var. mairei and T.×media were higher than the others. Moreover, with the correlation, regression, and cluster analysis results, 10-DAT and cephalotaxine were significantly correlated with taxol content, respectively. Furthermore, the cluster analysis also showed that the plants of T. chinensis var. mairei which planted in the greenhouse were clustered into one group, and the plants of T. chinensis, T. cuspidata, T. chinensis var. mairei from Taihang Mountain, and T.×media which planted in field were grouped together, indicating that environmental factors have obvious effects on taxanes accumulation. Conclusion Taxanes contents in different Taxus species are significantly different, and taxol content increases with the increase of 10-DAT and cephalotaxine contents.

R282.12

中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目（CAFYBB2018SY009）；国家自然科学基金项目（31570675）