目的 比较逍遥散及其加减方的抗抑郁作用，精简组方、明确药效，为抗抑郁新药的研发提供参考。方法 SD大鼠随机分为对照组，模型组，氟西汀（0.01 g/kg）组，加味逍遥散（16.20 g/kg）组，逍遥散（10.13 g/kg）组，逍遥散去生姜、薄荷（9.79 g/kg）组，逍遥散去生姜、茯苓、薄荷（8.10 g/kg）组。采用慢性温和不可预知刺激（chronic unpredicted mild stress，CUMS）结合孤养建立大鼠抑郁模型，同时对照组和模型组ig生理盐水，其余各组ig相应药物。观察给药后大鼠行为学指标（体质量、糖水消耗率、敞箱实验运动得分）的变化；采用ELISA试剂盒检测大鼠血浆中皮质酮，皮质和海马中多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素（norepinphrine，NE）、5-羟色胺、神经营养因子（brain derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF）水平。结果 模型组大鼠行为学指标显著降低（P<0.05），皮质和海马中多巴胺、NE、5-羟色胺、BDNF水平显著降低（P<0.05），血浆中皮质酮水平显著升高（P<0.05），表明CUMS结合孤养大鼠抑郁模型建立成功；与模型组比较，各给药组大鼠行为学指标显著升高（P<0.05），皮质和海马中多巴胺、NE、5-羟色胺、BDNF水平均显著升高（P<0.05），血浆中皮质酮水平显著降低（P<0.05），其中逍遥散去生姜、茯苓、薄荷组疗效最佳。结论 逍遥散及其加减方具有抗抑郁作用，其中逍遥散去生姜、茯苓、薄荷组抗抑郁作用最强，表明柴胡、当归、白芍、白术、甘草是逍遥散发挥抗抑郁作用的主要配伍药味。

Objective Antidepressant effect of Xiaoyao Powder (逍遥散) and its added and reduced formula were compared to simplify composition and clarify efficacy, with view to providing reference for the research and development of new antidepressant drugs. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, fluoxetine (0.01 g/kg) group, Jiawei Xiaoyao Powder (16.20 g/kg) group, Xiaoyao Powder (10.13 g/kg) group, Xiaoyao Powder without ginger and mint (8.10 g/kg) group, Xiaoyao Powder without ginger, tuckahoe and mint (9.79 g/kg) group. Rats were given social isolation and chronic unpredictable mild stress to establish depression model. Concurrently, rats in control group and model group were ig normal saline, rats in the other group were ig corresponding drugs. Body weights, sugar preference rate, and opening behavior were observed after administration. Levels of corticosterone in plasma, dopamine, norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in cortex and hippocampus were detected by ELISA. Results Behavioral of rats were significantly decreased (P<0.05), levels of dopamine, NE, 5-hydroxytryptamine and BDNF were significantly reduced (P<0.05), level of corticosterone was significantly increased in model group (P<0.05). Compared with model group, behavioral of rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), levels of dopamine, NE, 5-hydroxytryptamine and BDNF were significantly increased (P<0.05), level of corticosterone was significantly decreased in the administration groups (P<0.05), Xiaoyao Powder without ginger, tuckahoe and mint group had the best effect. Conclusion Xiaoyao Powder and its added and reduced formula improve the symptoms of depression, Xiaoyao Powder without ginger, tuckahoe and mint has the strongest antidepressant effect. Bupleuri Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are the main compatibility of Xiaoyao Powder determining the effect of antidepressant.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973557）；国家科技重大专项（2018ZX09303-024）；国家科技重大专项（2018ZX09737-019）