目的 基于超声与膜分离技术，探索绞股蓝Gynostemma pentaphyllum总皂苷的分离机制与精制模式。方法 以总蛋白、多糖、绞股蓝总皂苷、绞股蓝皂苷A、芦丁为指标进行综合评价，微滤-纳滤联用预处理去除大分子并浓缩药液，采用Box-Behnken中心组合设计，明确膜孔径、超声功率、pH值对皂苷及黄酮类成分超滤分离行为的差异性，探讨分离机制，设定分离目标，构建绞股蓝总皂苷部位的精制模式。结果 微滤和纳滤组合预处理水提取液，可大幅度去除多糖和蛋白，提高浓缩液中总皂苷浓度；超声功率可以调控绞股蓝皂苷胶束状态，溶液碱化，促进包裹或嵌合在胶束中的芦丁溶出，构建了超声辅助超滤的绞股蓝总皂苷精制模式，皂苷类成分总转移率79.7%，其他考察成分均低于6%。结论 成分存在状态与分离行为直接相关，以溶液环境和超声辅助调控皂苷缔合状态，构建精制模式，为中药皂苷类成分的常温化精制提供技术支撑。

Objective To explore separation mechanism and refined mode of Gynostemma pentaphyllum total saponin by ultrasonic assisted membrane combination technique. Methods In the experiment, total protein, polysaccharide, G. pentaphyllum total saponin, gypenoside A and rutin were selected as indexes to evaluate comprehensively, microfiltration-nanofiltration pretreatment was used to remove macromolecules and concentrate solution. The differences of separation behavior between saponin and flavonoid were analyzed with Box-Behnken central composite experiment design, which contributed to clarify separation mechanism, set separation goals and establish the refined mode of G. pentaphyllum total saponin. Results Experiments indicated that the polysaccharide and protein can be effectively removed by microfiltration-nanofiltration, while helping to form micelles of saponins in the concentrated solution. Rutin was dissolved from gypenosides micelles by regulating micelle state with ultrasonic power and ionizing with pH value. And then, the ultrasonic-assisted ultrafiltration model was constructed to refine G. pentaphyllum total saponin, the total transfer rate of saponins was 79.7%, while other components under investigation were less than 6%. Conclusion The separation behaviors of membrane were related to molecular state. Taking G. pentaphyllum total saponin as an example, the refined mode was established by regulating solution environment and the associative state of saponins, and the results provided references for membrane concentrate for traditional Chinese medicine of saponins at room temperature.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82074006）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81503258）；2020年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010315037）