目的 为研究花鹿茸和马鹿茸化学成分的差异，以多种化学成分为指标综合评价花鹿茸和马鹿茸的品质，并通过判别分析试图寻找以化学成分为指标区分花鹿茸和马鹿茸的简单有效的方法。方法 采用多种分析技术方法，测定并比较了花鹿茸、马鹿茸中多糖、粗蛋白、胶原蛋白、硫酸软骨素、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿质元素、生物胺、核苷9类化学成分的含量差异，并用SPSS 24.0进行主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和判别分析。结果 多糖、粗蛋白、氨基酸、胶原蛋白、脂肪酸、矿质元素、核苷、硫酸软骨素和生物胺在花鹿茸中质量分数分别为9.51、518.58、527.74、223.12、13.28、138.36、2.51、2.12 mg/g和70.75 mg/kg；在马鹿茸中质量分数分别为8.61、669.39、594.84、258.91、9.20、82.62、1.22、1.96 mg/g和136.02 mg/kg。PCA结果显示花鹿茸的综合得分高于马鹿茸。结论 分别以9类化学成分总量、17种氨基酸、37种脂肪酸、10种生物胺、13种核苷为变量，通过判别分析建立的判别函数可将花鹿茸和马鹿茸进行分类，说明以化学成分为变量区分花鹿茸和马鹿茸具有一定的可行性，可为今后花鹿茸和马鹿茸质量标准体系的建立提供参考。

Objective In order to study the differences in chemical constituents, evaluate the quality with multiple chemical components as indicators, and find a simple and effective method to distinguish the antlers from sika deer (Cervus nippon) and red deer (Cervus elaphus). Methods A variety of analytical techniques were used to determine and compare the polysaccharides, crude protein, collagen, chondroitin sulfate, amino acids, fatty acids, mineral elements, biogenic amines, nucleosides of C. nippon and C. elaphus. And SPSS 24.0 was used for principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis. Results The results showed that the content of polysaccharide, crude protein, amino acid, collagen, fatty acid, mineral element, nucleoside, chondroitin sulfate, and biogenic amine in C. nippon was 9.51, 518.58, 527.74, 223.12, 13.28, 138.36, 2.51, 2.12 mg/g and 70.75 mg/kg; The content in C. elaphus was 8.61, 669.39, 594.84, 258.91, 9.20, 82.62, 1.22, 1.96 mg/g and 136.02 mg/kg. The results of PCA showed that the score of C. nippon was higher than that of C. elaphus. Conclusion In this experiment, the discriminant functions established by 9 chemical components, 17 amino acids, 37 fatty acids, 10 biogenic amines, and 13 nucleosides can classify C. nippon and C. elaphus, indicating that chemical components can be used to distinguish the C. nippon and C. elaphus by discriminant analysis. This study provides a reference for the establishment of quality standards system of C. nippon and C. elaphus in the future.

R284.2

国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1706604）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1706605）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目（CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ISAPS）；吉林省科技发展计划项目（20180201076YY）；吉林省科技发展计划项目（20170309002YY）