随着脂质体工艺研究的发展，多功能脂质体的设计一直是研究热点。胆固醇是脂质体制剂中的主要成分之一，对维持脂质体膜结构、稳定性等起重要作用。采用与胆固醇结构相似且具一定药理活性的甾醇、皂苷类化合物替代脂质体处方中胆固醇，同样能形成性质良好的脂质体。这类化合物具有的药理活性也赋予了新脂质体更好的应用价值。结合近些年国内外相关文献，就胆固醇在脂质体中的作用以及采用具有药理作用的天然活性物质如甾醇、皂苷类化合物等替换胆固醇的研究进展进行综述。

With the development of process study of liposomes, the design of multifunctional liposomes has been a research hotspot. Cholesterol is one of the main components in liposome preparations, and plays an important role in the liposome's structure and stability. Sterols, saponins with the similar structure and certain pharmacological activities can be used to replace cholesterol in liposomes, which can also form good liposomes. Also, the pharmacological activities of sterols and saponins endow the liposomes with better application value. With the relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years, this paper reviews the research progress of the role of cholesterol and the replacement design of cholesterol in liposomes with sterols and saponins.

R282.71

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81872981）；2020年上海市教委曙光人才计划项目；上海人才发展基金资助项目（2018105）