目的 采用DNA条形码分子鉴定技术鉴定藏柴胡（又名窄竹叶柴胡）Bupleurum marginatum及其易混品，以确保柴胡药材质量及临床用药安全。方法 收集柴胡药材共50份，对其ITS2序列进行PCR扩增并双向测序，所得序列用CodonCode Aligner软件校对拼接后，利用MEGA 6.0对序列进行分析比对，计算种内、种间遗传距离，利用邻接法（NJ）构建系统聚类树，并应用ITS2数据库网站预测其ITS2二级结构。结果 藏柴胡种内遗传距离明显小于它与其同属的种间遗传距离，基于ITS2建立的NJ树和网站预测的ITS2二级结构，均能准确将藏柴胡药材与其易混药材区分。结论 基于ITS2序列可以科学准确地鉴别藏柴胡药材及其易混品，为确保临床用药安全提供更多先进可靠的技术手段。

Objective DNA barcoding technology, a molecular identification method, is applied to distinguish Bupleurum marginatum var. stenophyllum from its analogues in order to ensure the quality and clinical curative effect. Methods In this study, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) regions of 50 samples were amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. Obtained sequences were assembled using CodonCode Aligner. The genetic distances were computed by MEGA 6.0 in accordance with the kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by Neighbor-joining (NJ) method. Moreover, the secondary structure of ITS2 was predicted using ITS2 database websites. Results The intra-specific genetic distances were smaller than inter-specific ones in ITS2 regions of B. marginatum var. stenophyllum. The NJ tree and secondary structure results could distinctly differentiate B. marginatum var. stenophyllum and its analogues. Conclusion ITS2 sequence can scientifically and reliably identify the authenticity of B. marginatum var. stenophyllum and could provide more new and reliable techniques to ensure clinical safety of this traditional Chinese medicine.

R286.12

山西省卫生健康委员会科研项目（2018081）；山西省应用基础研究计划资助项目（201901D211528）