薏苡仁是一种常见的药食两用中药，具有很高的营养价值，有"禾本科之王"之称。含有脂肪酸及酯类、多糖、黄酮、三萜、生物碱、甾醇、内酰胺、淀粉等多种化合物，在薏苡仁治疗疾病时各自发挥不同效果，共同达到治疗目的。现代研究发现薏苡仁除了在传统中药理论中有良好的祛湿利水效果外，也能治疗多种癌症、高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝、类风湿性关节炎等疾病，还能增强免疫、调节肠道菌群，也可作为药膳辅助疾病的治疗，而且临床不良反应少，用药更为安全。以薏苡仁油为主要原料的康莱特注射液已广泛用于多种癌症的临床治疗，同时还有许多保健食品和药膳也在研发中。主要综述了薏苡仁的化学成分及药理作用研究进展，希望能够为薏苡仁的进一步研究提供参考。

Coicis Semen is a common traditional Chinese medicine for medicine and food homology, with high nutritional value, known as "the King of Gramineae". It contains fatty acids and esters, polysaccharides, flavonoids, triterpenes, alkaloids, sterols, lactams, starch and other compounds, which exerts different effects in the treatment of diseases of Coicis Semen to achieve the purpose of treatment. Recent research has found that Coicis Semen not only has a good effect of removing dampness and diuresis in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, but also can treat a variety of cancers, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. Furthermore, it can enhance immunity and regulate intestinal flora. It also can be used as the treatment for medicinal diet auxiliary diseases, and the clinical adverse reactions are less, and the medication is safer. Kanglaite injection with Coicis Semen oil as the main raw material has been widely used in the clinical treatment of a variety of cancers, and many health foods and medicinal diets are also under development. This paper mainly discusses the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Coicis Semen, hoping to provide reference for the further study of Coicis Semen.

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国家自然科学基金青年项目（81903938）；天津市第三批人才发展特殊支持计划项目