非酒精性脂肪肝病（Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease，NAFLD）近年来已成为慢性肝病的主要形式，主要临床病理表现为肝脏的胰岛素抵抗、脂堆积、氧化应激损伤、炎症反应和纤维化。NAFLD的发病机制尚不完全清楚，临床治疗缺乏有效药物。目前临床推荐的NAFLD治疗方案以改变生活习惯（包括饮食结构、作息时间和运动方式等）为主，以药物治疗（包括胰岛素增敏剂、抗氧化剂、调脂药、保肝抗炎药等）为辅。但西药因成分单一与靶点明确，对于NAFLD这种复杂的代谢性疾病，往往只能改善部分指标，也会产生一些不良反应（如血清转氨酶升高、肠胃不适和肝脏负担加重等）。中药治疗NAFLD有多靶点综合优势。从调血脂、抗氧化、抗炎、抗纤维化、改善胰岛素抵抗等方面，总结分析抗NAFLD复方中药、单味中药及其活性成分，对NAFLD的中医临床诊疗具有积极参考价值。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major form of chronic liver disease in recent years. Its main clinical manifestations are insulin resistance, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress injury, inflammation, and fibrosis of the liver. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is not fully understood, and there is a lack of effective drugs in clinical treatment. Currently, the clinically recommended therapeutic regimen for NAFLD is mainly to change living habits (including diet structure, work and rest schedule, and exercise mode, etc), supplemented by drug therapy (including insulin sensitizer, antioxidant, lipid-lowering drug, and liver-protecting anti-inflammatory drug, etc). However, due to its single composition and clear target, western drugs can only improve some indicators for the complex metabolic diseases such as NAFLD, and also produce some side effects (such as elevated serum transaminase, gastrointestinal discomfort and increased liver burden). Traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of multi-target comprehensive treatment of NAFLD. Compound traditional Chinese medicine, single Chinese medicine and its active components against NAFLD were summarized and analyzed from the aspects of lowering blood lipid, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and improving insulin resistance of the liver, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.

R285

湖北省重大科技创新项目（2016ACA140）；教育部产教融合协同创新基金资助项目（201610512001）