[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 对苦木Picrasma quassioides的化学成分进行研究。方法 采用柱色谱等多种方法进行分离纯化，并通过理化常数和各种波谱技术对化合物的结构进行鉴定。结果 从苦木的80%乙醇提取物中共分离得到了16个化合物，其中包括12个生物碱和4个苦味素成分，分别鉴定为1-羟甲基-4-甲氧基-β-咔巴啉（1）、苦木碱B（2）、1-甲氧甲酰基-4-甲氧基-β-咔巴啉（3）、1-甲氧甲酰基-4，8-二甲氧基-β-咔巴啉（4）、1-乙基-4-甲氧基-β-咔巴啉（5）、1-乙基-4，8-二甲氧基-β-咔巴啉（6）、苦木西碱I（7）、铁屎米-6-酮（8）、5-甲氧基-铁屎米-6-酮（9）、苦木碱F（10）、苦木碱D（11）、quassidine B（12）、quassin（13）、苦木内酯B（14）、苦木内酯E（15）、norquassin（16）。结论 化合物1为新的β-咔巴啉型生物碱，命名为苦木西碱丁（kumujantine D），化合物4为首次从苦木中分离得到。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To study the chemical constituents of Picrasma quassioidies. Methods The isolation and purification were carried out by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative RP-HPLC. The structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. Results A total of 12 alkaloids and four quassinoids were isolated and identified from 80% ethanol aqueous extract of the stems of P. quassioides. They were named as 1-hydroxymethyl-4-methoxy-β-carboline (1), 1-methoxicabony-β-carboline (2), 1-methoxicabony-4-methoxy-β-carboline (3), 1-methoxicabony-4,8-dimethoxy-β-carboline (4), 1-ethyl-4-methoxy-β-carboline (5), 1-ethyl-4,8-dimethoxy-β-carboline (6), picrasidine I (7), canthin-6-one (8), 5-methoxyl-canthin-6-one (9), 4-methoxyl-5-hydroxyl-canthin-6-one (10), 4,5-dimethoxyl-canthin-6-one (11), quassidine B (12), quassin (13), nigakilactone B (14), nigakilactone E (15) and norquassin (16). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new β-carboline alkaloid, named as kumujantine D, and compound 4 is isolated from P. quassioidies for the first time.
[中图分类号]
R284.1
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目（81974520）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81673872）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81873091）；广州中医药大学“双一流”建设重点项目（2020-2022）
