目的 对楝科山楝属植物华山楝Aphanamixis sinensis枝叶的化学成分及其抗菌活性进行研究。方法 采用硅胶、C18反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶及MCI等多种柱色谱技术进行分离纯化，根据理化性质结合波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。利用滤纸法对萜类化合物1～13进行抗金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923、大肠杆菌CICC 10003和沙门菌UK-18956活性筛选。结果 从华山楝枝叶中分离得到15个化合物，分别鉴定为（23E）-25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol（1）、25-hydroxy-cycloart-23-en-3-one（2）、23（Z）-9，19-cycloart-23-ene-3β，25-diol（3）、23（E）-cycloart-23-en-3β，25-diol（4）、ent-labd-8（17），13E-dien-15-ol（5）、vulgaro（6）、ambroxdiok（7）、α-cadinol（8）、1（10）-en-oxo-7α-isopropanoleremophilane（9）、（5R，7R，10S）-isopterocarpolone（10）、1S，4S，5S，10R-4，10-guaianediol（11）、（4R，5R，7S，9S，10S）-（-）-eudesma-11（13）-en-4，9-diol（12）、phytol（13）、ergosterol endoperoxide（14）和7α-hydroxysitosterol（15）。结论 所有化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到，其中，化合物2、5、7～10和12～15为首次从该属中分离。化合物5显示出明显的抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性，其最小抑菌浓度（MIC）值为5 μg/mL。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of stems and leaves from Aphanamixis sinensis and evaluate their antibacterial activities. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatography techniques, such as silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI, and their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and spectroscopic data. Moreover, antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli CICC 10003, and Salmonella enterica UK-1 8956 of compounds 1-13 were evaluated by filter paper method. Results Fifteen compounds were isolated from A. polystachya which were elucidated as (23E)-25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3β-ol (1), 25-hydroxy-cycloart-23-en-3-one (2), 23 (Z)-9,19-cycloart-23-ene-3β,25-diol (3), 23 (E)-cycloart-23-en-3β,25-diol (4), ent-labd-8 (17), 13E-dien-15-ol (5), vulgaro (6), ambroxdiok (7), α-cadinol (8), 1 (10)-en-oxo-7α-isopropanoleremophilane (9), (5R,7R,10S)-isopterocarpolone (10), 1S,4S,5S,10R-4,10-guaianediol (11), (4R,5R,7S,9S,10S)-(-)-eudesma-11 (13)-en-4,9-diol (12), phytol (13), ergosterol endoperoxide (14) and 7α-hydroxysitosterol (15). Conclusion All isolates were obtained from this plant for the first time, and compounds 2, 5, 7-10, and 12-15 were isolated from the genus Aphanamixis for the first time. Compound 5 showed obvious activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 with the MIC value of 5 μg/mL.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31760100）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（31860092）；云南省应用基础研究计划-中医联合面上项目（2018FF001-015）